Freudian psychoanalysis is based on two key assumptions.The first premise - genetic - is that those experiences that a child experiences as a child, have a tremendous influence on the formation of personality in adulthood.The essence of the second premise is to ensure that a person initially has a certain amount of sexual energy - libido.It was during the development of the human libido goes through several stages, representing the close relationship instincts, psychology and sexual activity.
hypothesis about the four stages of a man called "Freud's theory of personality" and is of great scientific and practical interest to psychologists and doctors.According to Freud the development of the human personality passes through 4 phases, each of which is discussed below.
Step 1. Oral phase.
The oral phase remains a baby from birth to one year.During this period the child is totally dependent on the mother's breast and is the main source of pleasure.Freud's theory of personality emphasizes that in this phase the child has only one desire - the absorption of food, but because the main erogenous zone is the mouth, because it means the power and the initial survey the surroundings.
Step 2. Butt phase.
next stage of development of the person - anal, which includes the length of the child's age 12-18 months and the third year of life.Freud's theory of personality says that in this period the child begins to learn to control physiological functions of the organism.At this time, the libido is concentrated near the anus, which is now the object of attention of children.
child sex now finds its satisfaction in the possession of control over the functions of the organism (primarily over the stool and release).It is important to note that according to Freud during this period the child is faced with the first ban.The outside world is now for him - this is a high barrier.Development at this stage acquires the character of the conflict.
Step 3. phallic phase.
new erogenous zone is manifested in children aged three to six years.Now, libido concentrated in the genital area.At this stage, children begin to understand and be aware of sexual differences.The child notices the presence of a penis or a lack thereof.
According to Freud, at this stage the child already feels the pleasure of genital stimulation, but this excitation is due to close by the presence of parents.
Stage 4. The latency period.
This period is characterized by the assignment of the manifestations of sexual curiosity, which is associated with a variety of the world surrounding the child.The period of latency period coincides with the age of 5-12 years.Sexual activity during this period decreased libido is not constant, the child tries to identify their own "I".
Freud's theory of personality indicates that sexual impulses are suppressed in this period ideals of aesthetics and morality, shame and disgust.In this age of personal development occurs in the aggregate of biological processes as well as under the influence of culture and education.
Stage 5. Genital stage.
Go to the last phase of development of the person is accompanied by a transition of the concentration of sexual desire, arousal and satisfaction to the genital area.Genital masturbate at this period becomes crucial in meeting the sexual needs.
In conclusion, Freud's theory of personality was the basis for the formulation of the foundations of the genesis of the psyche of children: child development in stages corresponding to the movement areas of libido.
