word "reservation" is usually associated with the US and the local Indians.The indigenous population of this country for hundreds of years were persecuted and exterminated.In the end, they left very little.Reservation - this is a designated area, where there are remnants of the indigenous population.Like a lot of places on the planet.In Canada, the USA, Brazil, they were built for the Indians in South Africa - for Africans and in Australia - Aboriginal.According to official data, in the US there are 550 Indian tribes.They are home to 4.9 million people.Of these, two thirds are in the reserves, which are all over the country about 275.
Development of new lands
life of American Indians has changed radically since Columbus' discovery of these lands.Relations between two completely different cultures have never been unambiguous.There are cases when the settlers and indigenous people live peacefully.A striking example of this is the Plymouth colony.However, in general, the development of American Indian land has not brought anything good.The peaceful tribes crowded out of their territories.They were forced to live on marginal lands.Many Indians died of starvation.Those who tried to resist were killed in the battles.Another negative factor was the new European disease.The tribes killed them faster than on weapons.
hostility
Indigenous inhabitants of the continent were a hindrance to the creation of the new state and regarded as enemies who must be destroyed without fail.Very quickly their numbers reduced from three million to 200 million.Thus it was made possible Indian Reservation.It started during the war for independence.Second Continental Congress created a special department, which had to deal with Indian affairs.In 1778, it began to appear the first Indian reservation in the United States.The government took them under his protection, and in return they released their land."Mopping up" the territory lasted until 1877.
Life on strictly designated areas
Reservation - a place where many Indians survived.However, a full life here can be called to work.Indigenous people are still prejudiced.Their land is constantly decreasing.People do not have enough food, and because many died of hunger.The reserves did not have health facilities, which also contributed to a decrease in the indigenous population.Within a few decades, the number of Indians was reduced by 60%.In order to prevent the uprising, families were separated.Very often found themselves in the same reservation Indians of different tribes.They spoke different languages and had to communicate in English.As a result, after a few generations of the native language was forgotten.
Better late than never
Life Indians began to build only after 20 years of the twentieth century.By this time the politicians realized that the reservation - it is bad, what is the position of the indigenous population and a disgrace to their country as a whole.In 1924 all the Indians were granted citizenship.Since 1930 the remaining families began to return of land belonging to them earlier.Program was designed to end discrimination against Indians.In the 60s we began to operate program for political and economic development of the reserves.Indians were given the opportunity to receive education, health care, work and bring up their children with dignity.In 1965, a law was passed that allows residents to own reserves to develop programs and manage social security and education.Reservation - a word that has many centuries will be remembered generation of Indians, whose ancestors once inhabited the present territory of the United States.
