Acetic acid - is a clear, colorless liquid that has a characteristic odor and sour taste.It mixes easily with water in unlimited quantities, hygroscopic.Perhaps it mixing with many solvents.The most well-acetic acid dissolved inorganic compounds and gases.
formed vinegar is often in the process of wine fermentation.Apparently so in ancient times, fruit vinegar diluted with water, called sour wine.It was believed that it has a therapeutic effect on intestinal function, stopping diarrhea.So the soldiers, forced to be a long time in difficult conditions, always had with him a flask of wine with a dilute acid.
Today many prefer to go to the recipes of traditional medicine.And apple cider vinegar for many seems a panacea for obesity.Also, foot bath relieve fatigue.However, the purchase
vinegar is not always what is specified on the label.And the production of acetic acid by fermentation aqueous apple-sugar mixture - it is not difficult, even at home.
ancient Romans prepared special sweet intoxicating drink, called sap.To obtain fermented wine lead pots, whereby formed lead acetate - extremely sweet substance, which is also called "Saturn sugar" or "sugar of lead".Many aristocrats who consumed the drink, received a chronic lead poisoning.
A of the first practical applications of acetic acid extant documents - record of the Greek scientist Teofasta related more to the 3 century BC.In them, he described how vinegar works on metal, thereby producing pigments used in art.With the help of vinegar obtained white lead and copper-Xph.
In the Renaissance the production of acetic acid based on the sublimation of the acetates of some metals, such as dry distillation of copper acetate (II).This method is widely used in the industry almost to the middle of the last century.
And in the 8th century was discovered Arab alchemist Jabr Ibn Haiyan getting concentrated acetic acid-essence by distillation just as prepared brew.
German Adolf Kolbe, a chemist, in 1847 opened the production of acetic acid from inorganic substances.This method relies on chlorination of carbon disulfide to carbon tetrachloride, which is then transferred to a pyrohydrolysis tetrachlorethylene.The next step in this process is chlorination of tetrachlorethylene to trichloroacetic acid.Next, by electrolytic reduction agent directly converted to acetic acid.
Since the late 19th century to early 20th production of acetic acid based on the distillation of wood.Basically vinegar produced in Germany.Almost a third of the produced vinegar has left the production of indigo - industrial dye.
Acetic acid, the receipt of which is based on the distillation of wood chips, their chemical composition is different from that obtained by other means.But the cost of this method is the most profitable, so it was he who was the basis for the industrial production of vinegar - concentrated acetic acid.
acetic acid salts have also found application in the industry.For example, to separate iron and aluminum from the other 3 groups of metals by chemical analysis using reaction boiling acetic acid salt in water.
On copper acetate, indigo and "White Lead", used for painting, mentioned above.Average acetic acid salt of lead, one that was formed in the poisonous drink called "Sapa", found in contemporary reality its application in medicine.The copper salt of acetic acid in conjunction with myshyakovistokisloy copper is called Paris green (shveynfurtskoy) and is widely used in the fight against plant pests.
