lower hollow Vienna is a large vessel that form the right and left iliac vein somewhere between the fourth and fifth lumbar spine.This cavity is intended for collecting venous blood in the lower part of the human body.Inferior vena Vienna, the diameter of which varies from 2 to 3.4 cm, is located in the retroperitoneum.It permeates the diaphragm and smoothly enters the right atrium, taking on their way from the blood of other veins.Normally, the vessel must change the parameters during the breathing process: inhale when it tends to shrink, and when you exhale is its extension.It is thanks to the phenomenon of the lower hollow Vienna differs from the aorta.
front surface of the vein is composed of the root of the mesentery of the small intestine, right testicular artery and the horizontal segment of the duodenum, which is located at the head of the pancreas.In the upper edge of the expansion vessel is observed, which is surrounded on three sides by hepatic substance.The lower hollow Vienna takes a visceral and parietal branches of blood.The latter include the mean sacral and lumbar vein, as well as lower diaphragmatic aorta.The system of the inferior vena cava is formed of the joints, through which blood is collected from the legs, pelvic and abdominal cavity.
parietal tributaries
analogs lumbar arteries are the veins of the same name, which are identical to the course and take the blood from all over the surrounding area.Typically, these vessels have communication with the inferior vena cava and is performed while the outflow of blood from the area of the spinal cord.With diaphragmatic veins carried the blood outflow from the bottom of the diaphragm.
System visceral tributaries
lower hollow Vienna contains visceral tributaries, which collect blood from the internal organs.For example, the task of the hepatic veins is the removal of blood from the liver, and adrenal vessels which supply blood to the adrenal glands.Renal steam Vienna is responsible for the condition of the kidneys and ureters, and testicular vessels, respectively, originate from the female ovaries and male testes.
Diseases vena cava
thrombotic occlusion of the lower hollow vessel is one of the most severe forms of venous obstruction chronic nature.This pathology is almost always leads to bilateral lesions of the lower extremities.At the same time patients have spilled pain that can spread not only on foot, but in the groin, buttocks and abdomen.In addition, there is swelling of the leg and thigh, which gradually encompasses the entire area of the lower limb up to the foot.In more severe cases may swell the buttocks, genitals and even the anterior abdominal wall.Some people have seen small varicose saphenous veins, and produced multiple trophic ulcers that are resistant to medication.In violation of the inferior vena cava may be a serious complication such as impotence.
