great Russian classic poet Alexander Pushkin was born in the Russian Empire during the reign of Emperor Paul the First.Date of birth of Pushkin in historical sources is indicated in two ways: May 26 and June 6, 1799.So which one is correct?The fact is that May 26 - the birthday of Pushkin is the Roman (old) calendar, and on June 6 - on modern - Julian.In any case, today, all the fans of the talent of the great Russian poet annually celebrate his birthday is June 6th.Place of birth of Pushkin - the current capital of our country, the city of Moscow.However, in those years it was considered the country's second city after St. Petersburg.
1799 for Russia
end of the 18th century in Russia was very difficult.People do not really fond of the current Emperor Paul the First.In the short time of his reign, he was so disgusted with his people that the day of his death, people do not grieve about it, and congratulated each other.However, during his reign, Russia was able to expand its borders, and all thanks to the great generals.By the way, in Pushkin's birthday Russian troops were victorious and took the city of Turin.In general, this year was the most successful for the Russian troops, he was full of loud and valiant victories and attacks, as well as serious for the Russian conquest.So, the year of birth of Alexander Pushkin - the last year of the 18th century - was marked by the victory of the Russian army and the birth of a great genius - the most talented of all Russian poets.
Pedigree
By origin Pushkin - a nobleman, his roots are from the untitled branched kind of Pushkin, rising, according to legend, to Ratshe - "To tell the husband," who was a contemporary of Alexander Nevsky.Great-grandfather of the poet mother was African Abram Petrovich Hannibal - the pupil of Peter the Great, who later became a general.His paternal grandfather - Leo Pushkin - was a colonel in the artillery, but his father, the writer was far from military life.He was a man of the world, an amateur poet and had a reputation for great wit.Another fairly well-known poet in the family was the paternal uncle, Basil.However, Pushkin's birthday and his family certainly did not anticipate that they were born in a family of "Light of Russian poetry" - a poet whose works will know by heart in many countries even several centuries after his death.
Childhood
Birthday of Alexander Pushkin - May 26, 1977.In the register Elkhovskoye Epiphany Church on May 27, that is, the day after was born the future poet, was recorded that Sergei Pushkin was born a male child, who was named Alexander.10 days after that, the boy was baptized in the same church.Summer little Sasha usually spent at the estate from her beloved grandmother Mary Alexeevna Hannibal.The old lady lived in the suburbs, near the town of Zvenigorod.Already in the 14-15 years Pushkin began to write his first poem, "Monk" and "Bova";in 1915, 16-year-old Pushkin wrote a poem "Epistle to Yudin," and a year later - "Dream".
Youth
at the Lyceum in Tsarskoye Selo Pushkin studied for about 6 years, during which consistently reveals his gift of the poet.Here he also gained loyal friends and supporters.During this period, he served as the inspiration for the French poetry.Especially I liked the works of Voltaire and his guys.From Russian poets he idolized Zhukovsky and Batiushkov.By the lyceum period the set of the poems of the great poet.Later, when his poetry acquired a socio-political color, he became interested in the works of Derzhavin.Every year on the birthday of Pushkin his fellow classmates staged recitals and reciting verses in his honor.
After Lyceum, from which he graduated in 1817, Pushkin began to serve in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.During these years he was introduced to the art of the theater, do not miss a single play.Pushkin also visited the literary society "Arzamas" literary and theatrical community "green light."There he made friends with many of the Decembrists, but initially did not know about their core business.
Adulthood
Later in the poet's life begins a period of reference and persecution.And all the fault of its freedom-loving nature and thirst for justice.Many of his works are impregnated with the spirit of wrestling, the unwillingness to put up with the situation that was inherent in Russia during the reign of Nicholas.Linked to this is the closeness of the poet with many Decembrists, his freedom-loving poems.And because of this there was a heightened sense of justice of his death.The death of the poet
winter of 1836 in the light of the rumor about the relationship with the wife of Pushkin Natalia emperor.And then, in order to divert suspicion from the royal personages already gossiping about the affair between Natalia and courtier, Baron d'Anthes.Pushkin's nothing to do but to stand up for the honor of his wife and cause Baron to a duel.Their match on February 27, 1837, four months before the 38th anniversary of the poet.For the date of birth of Alexander Pushkin - 26 May (6 June) 1799.As a result of the duel writer he was fatally wounded.He died two days later, and Russian literature orphaned, having lost the great poet and writer at such a young age.Alexander Pushkin was buried in the cemetery Svyatogorsky near native Michael.
According to Pushkin's birthday today
Today in Russia there is a city where there is no school, named after the great Russian classics.In front of these schools hoisted the monuments to Pushkin.And all of them are traditionally twice a year - in the poet's birthday and the day of his death - are creative evenings or mornings devoted to these memorials.Events begin with the traditional laying flowers at the monument to the writer, and then all go to the assembly hall, begins the official part.Students recite memorized poems, excerpts of poems, fairy tales, written by Pushkin, even theater performances are based on the works of the great poet.In addition, the days are memorable events in libraries, also bearing the name of the writer.Students of philological faculty also bypass the party these days.The universities are held interesting lectures, seminars, during which students together with the teachers talk about the life and work of the great classics - the luminaries of Russian literature.
celebration of the birth of Pushkin outside Russia
familiar with the works of Pushkin, not only in Russia but also abroad.His works are highly revered in the countries of the former Soviet Union: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and others. In many cities of the former Soviet Union have schools named after the great poet and writer.And every year they also celebrate events associated with the name of Alexander.In some of the former Soviet republics are Rossotrudnichestvo.Contribution of the organization to the development of social and cultural interaction between Russia and these countries is invaluable.For example, thanks to her in Yerevan, Baku, Minsk and Astana Chisinau and in other capitals are held annually in the evening dedicated to the memory of the great Russian poets and writers, including Pushkin.For example, in the city of Yerevan school No. 8 named after Alexander Pushkin, June 6, organized every year is very meaningful event.Perhaps few people know that near the capital of Armenia has mountain passes, which are called "Pushkin passes."It was here, according to legend, Pushkin met the lifeless body of Griboyedov that was transported from Persia to Russia.There, among the incredibly beautiful nature, all drowning in the greenery of oaks and elms, stands a monument to the great poet.This birthday of Alexander Pushkin attracts students from different schools of Armenia, laying flowers at the foot of the monument to recite poems, read out a string of stories, exchange views, and so on. D.
other great people who were born on the birthday of Pushkin
On the same day, the birth of the great Russian poet, but exactly 200 years before he was born Spanish artist, representative of the Baroque - Diego Rodriguez Velazquez.But almost 100 years later, she was born the world-famous Armenian composer, author of works such as the ballet "Spartacus" and "Gayane" and many others, Aram Khachaturian.The same day, Russian born poet and translator Nikolai Ushakov.
