state (national government), the device is an internal legal structure of the country, the legal status of its constituent parts.This concept reflects the specific features of their relations with the central government and with each other.
There are three main types of internal structure: unitary, confederal and federal state.
latter type is characterized as a voluntary association of countries with a certain degree of independence.The federal structure of the state in the Union is carried out at the same time on the basis of a federal agreement.Subjects in the composition of this structure can be both public entities and sovereign countries.The federal structure implies, as a rule, equal relations and subjects of the federation.For this structure characteristic is the presence of subjective and common areas, government, citizenship, budget, and other constitutions.Interests entities is the parliamentary chamber.
federal structure of the Russian Federation stipulated norms of the Constitution and other laws and includes the political structure of peoples and nations on the basis of their self-determination in one form or another state.The structure of the country has a fairly complex system.It included not only a federal structure, but a unitary and autonomous.As a part of the Russian state are autonomous areas, territories, regions (including standalone), federal cities, republic.
Among the constitutional foundations of the federal structure of Russia is isolated:
- consolidation and distribution across the country's sovereignty;
- supremacy of federal laws and the Constitution throughout the territory;
- territorial integrity and the integrity of the country;
- distinction in the powers and terms of reference entities and state authorities;
- self-determination and equality of peoples;
- the equality and unity of citizenship.
These and other provisions of the first chapter of the Constitution of the Russian state to ensure regulation of the structure of the state, are the constituent elements of building the foundations of the Russian Federation.Changes to these provisions can only be done in a constitutional manner.
federal structure has a number of principles:
- a voluntary association with the peoples and nations.The voluntary nature shows, first of all, the process of adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation by popular vote by all subjects in 1993.
- equality and sovereignty of nations.The essence of the principle lies in the recognition of the sovereign right of peoples and nations to self-determination free of the political form of existence.
- federalism combined with autonomy and unitarianism.The embodiment of the various forms of state is due to the multinational character of the country and its complex historical path.
- the principle of national-territorial structure of public education in conjunction with the territorial principle of formation of subjects.
- state integrity.The most important legal guarantee to preserve the integrity of the state - is the lack of the right to withdraw from the subjects of the Russian Federation.The Constitution provides for other standards that provide the aforementioned guarantee.
- principle of equality of subjects in the Federation continues formulated principle - the equality and sovereignty of nations.According to some authors, analyze its essence, the subjects do not have absolutely equal rights, because of differences in the forms of statehood.
