Life is infinite as the universe itself.Today, this idea of the development of scientific thought and technical resources is increasingly becoming a provable theorem.But two centuries ago at the person asking the question about who lives on the ocean floor, would look as insane.Then dominant view of the world could not conceive the existence of life in the water without dissolved oxygen and sunlight.Therefore, the border was carried out on the ocean shelf, and it was thought that below its representatives any flora or fauna are absent.
But time passed, and there were striking proof of the existence of life in the dark depths of the oceans.In 1850, a few deep-sea animals caught with a kilometer depth.Ten years later, a telegraph cable, raised a two-kilometer depth, once discovered a dozen new species.In 1899, the scientific world was first demonstrated deep sea fish, floating quietly on the three-kilometer depth and convincing evidence of the existence of life twice as deep.
Over the next half-century, scientists were convinced that the ocean floor below (6000 meters), at the bottom of the ocean, or rather its trenches, life is not because of the gigantic pressure.Then it needed only three years to refute this claim.In 1958, the Soviet hydrographic vessel "Hero" to catch the depth of 7.5 km of unknown fish, in 1959, they also have been raised with the 10-kilometer depth of shellfish.Finally, in 1960, at the bottom of the Mariana Trench - the deepest point of the oceans - we went to the bathyscaphe "Trieste" Don Walsh and Jacques Piccard.Repeat their feat alone more than half a century later, a famous film director James Cameron as they equated a dive to fly to another planet.All three have seen with my own eyes, who lives on the ocean floor.
Yeah, kind of, frightening his views, but still life thrives here, where there is no sunlight (it is completely dissipated by another kilometer depth), the pressure in the 1072 atmosphere - twice as much as on Venus, the most inhospitable planet of the Solar Systemand the water temperature is only a few degrees above freezing.
creatures on the ocean floor have a soft skeleton: this deep enough calcium to build it, and did not need it - no excitement, chance encounters with rocks excluded.In some fish eyes without light completely atrophied, others occupy almost half of the head.Some of the representatives of the deep-sea fauna looks formless fiend.But this appearance - not to frighten Homo sapiens.Especially since the 52 years they have visited here four times in less than 4 years on the moon.Just predators are hard to feed, hence the long, sharp teeth (so that production is not broke) and huge jaws.
among those who live on the ocean floor, enough have glowing organs.With the help of these inhabitants of the depths illuminate their way, to lure prey, repel enemies, interact with each other and oriented.The most original adapted fish belonging to the angler.They have a body appendage at the end of which lives a colony of glowing fungus.Waving it like a flashlight, anglers attracted close unwary fish coming to feed them.A svetyaschezubogo angler name speaks for itself: this is enough to reveal the predator's mouth, wait until the fish zaplyvet in this live trap and slam it!
More recently, in March 2013, it was reported on the successful diving to the bottom of the Mariana Trench deep-sea robot.Of the variety of people who live on the ocean floor in extreme conditions, scientists are interested in the colony of bacteria.By studying them, researchers are trying to find out, could these life forms exist on other planets.After all, according to the latest data on Jupiter's moon, Europe, and Saturn's moon, Enceladus, under a thick ice crust, most likely, there are oceans ...
