electrolysis called a special physical-chemical process in which a liquid or, in other words, the electrolyte breaks down into positive and negative ions.This happens when an electric current.How does this process takes place?
Electrolysis of water occurs due to the fact that the electric current passing through the electrolyte causes a reaction at the electrodes, which are deposited and the positive and negative ions.On the negative electrode (cathode) are deposited cations, respectively, in the positive (anode) - anions.The electrolyte may consist of water to which is added acid or a salt solution.Disintegration of metal salts and acid residue occurs after an electrolyte is passed through an electric current.Charged with positive electricity metal suited to the cathode (negatively charged electrode), it is called the metal cation.Acid residue, a negatively charged tends to the anode (the positively charged electrode), and is called an anion.Electrolysis allows obtaining highly purified salts of the elements, so is widely used in various branches of modern industry.
Electrolysis of water is vital today, as thousands of businesses use water for individual stages of its production.This is explained by the fact that after most of the processes that are carried out in enterprises, water after use turns into a danger to people and wildlife fluid.Water electrolysis is used for wastewater treatment, which must not come into the ground or a source of clean water.This waste water must be cleaned in order to avoid an ecological disaster, the risk of which is already quite high in many regions of Russia.
Today there are several methods of electrolysis of water.These include electroextraction, electrocoagulation and electroflotation.Electrolysis of water used to clean wastewater, produced in electrolysis cells.This special structure, in which organic substances are decomposed to metals, acids and other substances belonging to the category of inorganic origin.It is especially important to clean the waste water in hazardous industries such as the chemical industry, where work is underway with copper and lead, as well as plants, producing paints, varnishes, enamels.Of course, this is not the cheapest way to clean water by electrolysis, but the costs associated with treatment of water, do not go in any comparison with human health and environmental concerns.
interesting fact, but it is possible to carry out the electrolysis of water at home.This process does not take a lot of time and money and enable to produce oxygen and hydrogen.In the water tank, wherein the pre-dissolved salt (salt is necessary to take not less than ΒΌ of the volume of water), the two electrodes are omitted.They can be made of any metal.The electrodes are connected to a power supply with a current of not less than 0.5 A. In one of the electrodes formed bubbles, which indicates that the electrolysis of water in domestic conditions is successful.By this way it is possible to obtain caustic soda, chlorine, and other chemical elements, depending on what is in the electrolyte.The plasma electrolysis of water used in plazmoteplolizerah.This newest contemporary device operating modes of plasma electrolysis of water and its direct heating to certain temperatures.The plasma electrolysis of water makes it possible to produce new types of energy, where every day more and more in need of humanity.The energy that can be derived from water, will give an opportunity to develop new, safe and efficient sources of energy.The phenomena of plasma electrolysis of water has not been studied until the end, but they have great prospects and therefore intensively studied by modern scholars.
