When we speak of slavery and the slaves, the first association that arises - a slave society in ancient Rome and Greece.Immediately before the eyes stand up images of Spartacus and other gladiators.However, the slaves were in Russia, and it does not serfs.They were originally called the word "slave".These were people who had absolutely nothing.Therefore, they had to for the sake of a piece of bread to bend back to the master and do all his whims.Such a relationship between master and servant, a slave had been in a feudal society.Their owner could be "planted" on the ground, and then he turned into a serf.
In Russia slave - either taken prisoner by the enemy army soldiers, a man owes a large sum and no opportunity to pay.This status also acquired after the marriage or marriage to a slave.From 1722, all slaves were called serfs.It is, in principle, nothing has changed in their lives.They might sell, buy, donate, and so on. D.
serfs in Russia
part of the population of feudal Russia from the 10th to the 18th century, not owned shelter or in any property and to maintain his lifeforced to do any work on the farm of his lord, called serfs.During the wars, especially internecine conducted to embezzlement and the conquest of new territories, these people are automatically turned into slaves.Captured people and cattle were considered invaders as the most valuable booty.Each landowner had a huge free territories, and their cultivation, of course, needed a work force.Ney became prisoners.E. In Russia believed that slave - is primarily a free labor.These people were involved in the home and in agricultural work.
Rights serfs in Russia
This part of the population is entirely dependent on their masters.They did not have independent legal rights.However, not all slaves were in the same position.Some of them called tax farmers.That is, the slave - is a person who carries on his shoulders the whole burden of the state.
Regulation slave legally
He was considered a thing, that is. E. Private property, as well as other property: real estate, utensils, livestock and others. Therefore, his actions and deeds must meet his master.However, if the slave cause personal offense a free man, in retaliation offended could kill him.Lackeys, who witnessed a crime, could not be called to court to testify.The owner could have killed him, but if someone else killed the slave, the master paid him a fine.
In Sudebnik for 1550 restrictions.According to them, the son of a slave, born before acquiring the status of a slave father, considered free and the father had no right to sell him into slavery.If a person became a slave as a result of the capture and he was able to escape from captivity, he again gained freedom.It is also freed from slavery after the death of his master.But there are also cases where free people are unable to feed or protect themselves, voluntarily passed into slavery.In the 17th century issued a decree that prevents this.
