Scientific style - a style of speech used in the sphere of science and education.Its main features are as follows: generalization and abstraction, terminologichnost accented consistency.Secondary characteristics: uniqueness, semantic accuracy, standardization, objectivity, brevity, rigor, clarity, nekategorichnost, impersonality, imagery, evaluation and others.
are three sub genre: Self-scientific style of the text (articles, monographs, dissertations, research papers, speechesin scientific conferences, debates), Research and Training (lectures, books), popular science (arts, science, popular posts, essays).
Scientific style: its main characteristics
Academician Likhachev DS in the works pointed out:
1. Requirements for scientific style differ significantly from the requirements of the language of literature.
2. The use of metaphors and images in the different language of scientific work is permissible only if it is necessary to put emphasis on a certain logical thought.The scientific style imagery - this is only a pedagogical device, necessary to draw attention to the basic idea of the work.
3. Really good scientific style of language should not be seen by the reader.He should just ignore the idea, not the language in which the idea is expressed.
4. The main advantage of scientific language is clear.
5. Other advantages of the scientific style - a short, easy, easy.
6. Scientific style involves minimal use of clauses in scientific papers.Phrases should be short, the transition from one offer to another - natural and logical, "unnoticed".
8. Avoid frequent use of pronouns that make us think that they have replaced, to which they relate.
9. Do not be afraid of repetition, try to get rid of them mechanical.The same concept should be designated by the same term, can not be replaced by its synonym.Avoid only those reps who came from poverty of language writer.
10. Avoid words-parasites, do not add anything to the idea.However, an important point should be disclosed in more detail, with a stop on it.
11. Scientific style calls for special attention to the quality of the words.It is better to use the word "opposite" instead of "reverse", "difference" instead of "difference."
texts of scientific style: the characteristic language means
- book with otvlechennnym words (abstract) and a generalized value (reflection, thought, weightless, variability);
- general scientific vocabulary (the process, the amount, quality, component, reason);
- word-terms - a set of names, united in a certain terminological system science (plankton, phoneme, congruency, reflection);
- specific combinations of words (the boiling point, the demographic crisis, pancreas, compound sentence);
- adjectives high frequency (approximately 13%), prepositions, conjunctions, prepositions combinations (because of, using, on the basis, as compared with ... with respect to, in connection with ... etc.);
- complex sentences (especially Compound);
- offers with introductory words, adverbial and participal constructions.
Scientific style should be familiar to everyone.
