concentrated hydrochloric acid is used in pharmaceutical analysis, for therapeutic purposes is used diluted.In State Pharmacopeia are special tables with which to determine the percentage of acid in the aqueous solution.It is only necessary to know its share.
Using these tables, you can pretty easy to check the concentration of the acid solution.Conventional (insufficiently precise) acid solutions can be quickly prepared using common methods.For example, there are hydrochloric acid with a specific gravity of 1.19, i.e. containing 37% HC1.Assume that it is necessary to prepare 100 ml of 10% acid.To do this, create the proper proportions: in every 100 parts by weight of available HC1 contained 37 parts of hydrogen chloride.Because we need to prepare a 10% solution, it should contain ten parts per hundred weight parts of the solution.
Therefore, in this case, X - is a value that will indicate how much you need to take 37 percent by weight of the solution to, diluted with water to 100 parts by weight, to obtain a 10% solution:
100-37
X-10
X = 100 * 10/37 = 27 parts by weight.
hydrogen chloride - quite toxic substance, which can cause severe burns as well as the whole organism toxicity.As an antidote for poisoning HC1 using magnesia.To neutralize the acid may also be used and soapy water sprayed animal charcoal, milk, various enveloping substance.
Intoxication acids through the mouth should not be prescribed emetics and eat into preparations containing carbonic alkali.If poisoning stomach is washed with water using a probe.Good results are obtained by adding water to magnesium oxide impurity.In the presence of external burns acids, physicians recommend a place of defeat for a long time to wash water.Field burn and her circle clean pure ethanol, and then applied a paste of bicarbonate of soda, and on top of all this - alcohol gauze.
hydrogen chloride dissolves in water perfectly.At 0 ͦ With a volume of water dissolves five hundred volumes of gas.In medicine, industry, and even in the national economy is very often used hydrochloric acid.The formula presented its hydrogen and halogen - C1.
Get HC1 in basic chemical industry hlorovodorodistogo of gas absorbed by water.Hydrogen chloride is obtained by reacting sulfuric acid with sodium chloride.
test the purity
There are some requirements:
- hydrochloric acid in its composition must not contain heavy metals, nitrogen, nitrous and sulfurous acid, free chlorine and arsenic;
- are allowed only very small traces of iron salts, impurities free C1 can be opened by reaction: S12 + 2K1-2KS1 +12;
- for the determination of impurities of sulfurous acid, a solution of iodine in potassium iodide indicator - starch solution, the blue color of the solution in the presence of sulfurous acid is bleached within 30 seconds
- a significant residue on evaporation 10 grams of acid must not exceed 0, 01 percent (mineral admixtures).
Quantitative analysis was performed by titration with sodium hydroxide solution in the presence of methyl orange indicator.Allowed content HC1 acid 24,8-25,2%.
hydrochloric acid is included in the composition and biological fluids.For example, in gastric fluid up to its concentration of 0.5%, it helps to break down proteins.Dilute HC1 (8.2%), when incorporated into the transformation activates pepsinogen (proenzyme) into pepsin, enhances the secretory activity of the pancreas, promotes the movement of stomach contents to the intestines.Exhibits antibacterial effect with respect to the vegetative and spore microflora.This acid is prescribed orally at a reduced acidity, for iron absorption in the treatment of anemia.
