in early 1933 to power in Germany came to the National Socialists.In October, after the Reichstag fire, Hitler got special powers, and started forcefully to the establishment of the country they planned order.
Dachau concentration camp was the first institution of mass re-education of the population, to start a German.Location chosen in Bavaria, near Munich, almost in the suburbs (of 17 km), on the site of an abandoned factory.
Social Democrats and the Communists, and who could not, for various reasons to create a parliamentary coalition, formed the basis of the special contingent.Besides them, the torture chambers pleased homosexuals, prostitutes, criminals and all those whom the Nazi leadership considered antisocial elements.Total first race consisted of five thousand people.At the same time, and he appeared at the gate mocking slogan: "Work makes you free".
In the early years of the Dachau concentration camp has really become a place of "reforging".Former communists and social democrats, having worked for several months in the open air in compliance with a strict diet, often expressed sympathy for National Socialism.Such produced and provided an opportunity to prove loyalty to the business.
In 1934, it became clear that the camps need much more.Dachau concentration camp became a source of manpower for the personnel of the penitentiary system in all of the Reich.
Then, after Vsegermanskogo pogrom received the poetic name of "Crystal Night", obsessed with the Jewish population.The first ten thousand were brought here in the 38th.
With the onset of World War II expanded the national composition of the prisoners.Throughout Germany and abroad (the occupied territories) established new institutions that are not intended for re-education.People were brought here to kill.
Dachau concentration camp became the place of use of industrial methods of killing "human material".It disposes of everything that could be of value for the war effort - a dental crown, the hair, the clothes, the ashes remaining from the burned bodies.But that's not all - the prisoners were used for experiments on the study of boundary conditions within the organism survival and for them.To this end, the prisoners were subjected to hypothermia, they were tested poisons and remedies, they do lethal injections.The quarantine units conducted surveillance for infected cellulitis.Butchers SS cut people fixing their dying agony.
At the end of April 1945 to the vicinity of Munich came the seventh division of the American army.On their way was Dachau (concentration camp).Photos taken by American soldiers after the liberation of prisoners, documented piles of corpses, skeletons, covered with leather.Guard chose to give up without a fight.Then something happened that no one expected.SS men withdrew to the fence and shot everyone.This mass execution was not even revenge - US soldiers killed just as the villains sbesivshihsya bloodthirsty animals.
In the postwar years, much has been done in order to perpetuate the memory of the victims at Dachau.Concentration camp museum, however, according to the surviving prisoners, does not give a complete picture of the real atmosphere of the "factory of death".Blocks carefully renovated, plastered and whitewashed inside - clean and tidy.As soon as the cold crematorium furnace iron and mocking letters above the entrance reminiscent of the horrors of twelve years of Nazi rule, and two hundred thousand people are converted into ashes and yellow smoke.
