Kamchatka Peninsula - one of the richest places on earth by volcanoes, which may yield only Iceland and Hawaii.In this area of the Pacific Ocean, the so-called "Ring of Fire", is more than a hundred active volcanoes and 30 of them have woken up only recently.
Volcanoes of Kamchatka, today recognized the existing form 700-kilometer-long volcanic belt from Shiveluch, which is located in the north of the peninsula, to the south of the volcano Kambalny.The energetic volcanism in Kamchatka as in the neighboring Kuril and Aleutian island arcs, due to the subduction of the Pacific plate under the Eurasian tectonic plates.
Over the past several thousand years there have been about 30 very large (Plinian) eruptions, so that was thrown out of about 1 km3 of magma.According to these data, to date, Kamchatka - a place on earth with the highest frequency of large explosive eruptions.
most active volcanoes in Kamchatka are Kluchevskoy, Karymskii, Sheveluch and Unnamed.
Klyuchevskoy volcano in Kamchatka - the largest active volcano in Eurasia - rises to 4,750 meters above sea level.He has a perfect, incredibly beautiful cone.The age of this volcano is about eight thousand years.The first eruption was observed in 1697 Klyuchevskoy volcano in Kamchatka today it attracts a lot of tourists who want to see near one of the most beautiful volcanoes in the world.On average, eruptions have occurred every 5 years, sometimes every year, and sometimes they lasted continuously for several years.The most powerful of them occurred in 1944-1945.The activity is also characterized by Kliuchevskoi and "parasitic" craters located at 8-25 km from the main.
Sheveluch volcano on the Kamchatka Peninsula - one of the most active and large-sized volcanoes - differs the most powerful eruptions.It is located 80 km from Kliuchevskoi.On Sheveluch for the last several thousand years there have been 60 major eruptions, the most devastating of which date back to 1854 and 1956, when most of the lava dome collapsed, resulting in an avalanche of destructive debris.This belongs to the Kamchatka volcano Klyuchevskoy volcano group and had about 65 thousand. Years.
Volcano Karymskii - relatively low (1486 m) and the young (6100 years) - the most active.Only in this century there were more than 20 eruptions, and the last of them began in 1996 and lasted for 2 years.Eruptions Karymskii and accompanied by bursts of ash emissions from the central crater with lava pouring.The lava that erupted volcano in Kamchatka Karymskii so sticky that usually glowing streams do not always reach the foot.The last eruption coincided with the eruption of an underwater Karymskii Lake, located 8 km.It lasted for only 20 hours, but in that short time there were about 100 submarines splashes, each of which was followed by tsunami waves reaching 15 meters in height.Due to the volcanic eruption Karymskoe lake water which was very fresh and clean, it has turned into the biggest natural reservoir with the acidic water in the world.
Unnamed Kamchatka volcano located on the southeastern slopes of an extinct volcano stone.Traces of lava flows can be found at the top of its slopes.It is a small and young volcano (4700 years), which was formed on top of a larger ancient volcano.In the mid 50s it was an eruption, after which formed a large crater in the form of a horseshoe.Since then, Unnamed recognized as one of the most active volcanoes on the Kamchatka Peninsula.The new lava dome growing inside the crater, which often leads to explosive activity and pyroclastic flows.Since 2011, a volcanic dome has almost filled the crater.
