Since the air up the first airplanes, continuing the continuous improvement of aviation equipment.An integral part of each aircraft are devices used for their movement on the ground (or water) to disperse before takeoff or after landing deceleration.
This enchanting spectacle - watching, as a form of bulky mechanical system of the plane (chassis), consisting of a plurality of elements, after separation from the runway easily folded, compact outline of acquiring and hiding under the flaps of his wings or fuselage.
Classic "ground" landing gear consists of two main elements - struts and wheels, also known as pneumatics.In cases where you want to create an opportunity for exploitation in the snowpack and water, some samples aircraft include the installation of replacement parts in contact with the seat surface, it may be skis or floats.
Until the mid-thirties of the XX century in the global aviation industry was dominated by non-retractable landing gear design.It was certainly safer, but to create more aerodynamic drag, which required various engineering tricks, such as additional fairings and thinning profile of the main landing.Over time, of such a scheme largely abandoned, although some types of aircraft so-called "small" aviation use it today.An example is the "heavenly survivor" An-2, the design of which has not been amended since 1949.
development of fighter aircraft required to increase speed.Racks previously only equipped with shock absorbers, it became more difficult, and the mechanism of wheels in the plane of the fence or the engineers put the fuselage difficult technical problems, but the result was worth it.The chassis of the IL-16 was a revolutionary decision, the first time they were cleaned on a commercially available fighters, which gave our pilots volunteers the opportunity to win victories in the skies of Spain at war.
its diversity a little element of the design can match the landing gear.The scheme is most prevalent in modern aircraft - tricycle.It involves two main pillars and one secondary (more often - nose, assumes up to 9% of the weight of the aircraft).However, half a century ago extra support often installed on the tail.
Some aircraft designs have besides the main three pillars also fear.She took over the load in the event of a failed landing (eg IL-62).With the increase in take-off weight of the two main landing it was not enough.The number of tires of the An-124 "Ruslan" has reached 24. multishelf scheme designed and landing gear "747".
Landing - the most crucial moment in the whole flight, knows that every pilot.Therefore, both the reliability of the design and materials to manufacture landing gear requirements are very high.Rugged precision alloys from which they are carried out, provide the ability to withstand the multiple margin.And to the number of take-offs are always equal to the number of landings, and are redundant, emergency exhaust system racks.Just in case.
