On our planet, children live a little more than adults.Childless society - degenerate society.The proper development of the child - a prerequisite of spiritual and practical activities adult.
The UN Declaration defines the conditions of survival and social rights of the child - the right to protection, care, assistance, education and training.
At the present stage of development of the world community are problematic issues related to the concept of the psyche of a young child.There is a need to appeal to science and child psychology.
The regular qualitative change of material and ideal objects required and directed - this development.Determination of development involves the simultaneous presence of these two properties, they differ from other ongoing changes.
concept of development is seen in the different approaches in psychology.According to the cultural-historical theory, developed and offered by domestic psychologists source development is the environment in which the individual exists.It is the contradictions that arise in the struggle, learning and the child's own actions is its ontogeny.Vygotsky introduced the definition of "zone of proximal development" means the difference between how the child is developing at the moment, and his potential.
developing new educational standards, the researchers relied on activity theory.Never before have the Law "On Education" and standards of training and education were not so strongly imbued with psychology.Talking about what a child should know and be able, meaning the area of the current razvitiya.Ona presented already formed skills that develop a child without the help of an adult.And when talking about the achievements of students is meant the zone of proximal development.Activity approach to the education and training of children requires a cognitive motivation, ability to plan and predict their activities, the formation of control and self-control.
zone of proximal development is expanding with the help of an adult, as independent skills are in the stage of formation.The bottom line is that performing tasks with the help of the teacher, the teacher today, tomorrow the child will be able to do the same yourself.Creating for preschoolers problem situation and urging him to choose ways to solve it, adults thus stimulate its development.
zone of proximal development is most clearly seen in the preschool age, because it is at this stage of development has to a large number of sensitive periods.Many scholars are inclined to think that if you limit the autonomy of the child, not to give him to develop its strategy of behavior does not provide opportunities to try and make mistakes, it can lead to a delay in development.If all actions are performed instead of the child, not with him, then there is a risk of lack of appearance and skills specific to a particular sensitive period.
