acid is one of the main classes of compounds of the chemical elements.The name of the agent received for the taste.Another broad class are weak and strong bases.The latter differ complete dissociation of water.
Depending on the aggregate state of the acid may be a crystalline or gaseous body, as well as liquid.In accordance with the degree of solubility of the compound are divided into soluble and insoluble.There are other classifications.
The natural waxes and fats are most often found monobasic acids (saturated).These compounds are divided into the volatile and non-volatile.
There are several definitions of the term "acid".For example, according to the theory Liebig (German chemist) these substances are compounds containing hydrogen which can be substituted to form a metal salt.
All compounds possess different chemical properties.The substances can interact with basic oxides, destroy metals.Many of the compounds are harmful to the body.Thus, strong acids, getting to the skin surface or inside the body, causing serious burns.Therefore, when working with compounds of the following safety precautions.
Strong acids, skin or clothing, wash off with large amount of running water or neutralized with ammonia (ammonia).At hit compounds on metal, wood or other surface as the neutralizing agent used lime, chalk or soda.
Strong acids must be stored in a tightly sealed container, out of reach of children.The packaging must be present tag with the name of the connection.
Strong acids are used in everyday life.For economic purposes, these substances are usually used in the form of aqueous solutions.
Hydrochloric acid, for example, is capable of dissolving the metal (zinc, iron, tin, as well).However, this compound does not react with copper, silver and gold.This acid may be mixed with water in any proportions.In most cases, the connection is used for cleaning of lime and porcelain enamel products, sinks, toilets and other items.In some cases, hydrochloric acid is used to remove rust or ink stains from fabric (with a weak solution is prepared).The compound acts destructively on rayon, cotton, linen.
more strong acid is sulfuric.Concentrated compound is capable of char wood, wool, cotton, and sugar.Getting on the skin, sulfuric acid causes deep chemical destruction.Preparation of the solution is carried out by a certain rule.Sulphuric acid is poured into a container with water gently on the vessel wall, a thin stream.Because of its ability to absorb water in a large amount, the compound used for removing moisture between frames windows in winter.A glass filled with a solution of 1/5.Sulfuric acid is used in the manufacture of battery acid.
often used in everyday life acetic acid.Typically, the compound is used in the form of essence or devyatiprotsentnogo vosmidesyatiprotsentnoy concentrated solution.When diluted acid has no effect on skin, fabrics, and metals.Vinegar is used as a seasoning.Also, a substance used to remove fruit stains, water softener.
Similar to acetic, formic acid.However, the latter is toxic and causes deep burns of the skin.
quite common is citric acid.It is a white crystalline compound was dissolved in water and ethyl alcohol.It is used to address a variety of stains, including those from berries, wine, ink, rust, and paint.
