Modern educational process is impossible without training activities, which in turn must be as efficient as possible to meet the growing needs of today.
structure educational activity, usually external, consists of a number of elements such as:
training tasks and situations.For this problem to be present, the motive, the adoption of all of the above students.
Training actions that address the necessary tasks.
Control - the ratio of the result of the action and the action itself with samples that are given.
Evaluation - fixing the quality (not quantity) results in order to motivate further work and training activities.
Each component has its own peculiarities.Educational activity in itself is an intellectual.And characterized the structure is very similar to any intelligent act: having a plan, motive, monitoring and enforcement.
learning task acts primarily as a normal educational assignment.He has a clear goal, but for this purpose it is necessary to take into account the conditions in which this action must be carried out.The structure of the educational activity does not imply abstraction.
task can also be called a goal, this under certain conditions.As soon as the rear will be executed, it changes the pupil.Training activities may be presented as a program of educational problems, giving training in certain conditions, as well as involving specific training action.
learning task - a kind of a complicated system of information about a particular object or process in which clearly defined a small part of the information, and the rest, as a rule, much is unknown.It is necessary to find and, using algorithms and knowledge that the student already has, in conjunction with independent guesses, as well as the best ways to search for solutions.
Just structure of educational activity assigns a very important place evaluation and monitoring activities, as well as the consequential assessment and self-assessment.This is due to the fact that any educational action becomes variable and arbitrary only if there is control and evaluation.
structure of educational activity diverts control three links:
image of the desired result.
Comparison of image and real action.
decision on correction or continuation of the action.
concept and structure of learning activities as scheduled four stages, during which the self-evident, if you apply it to the academic content.The first stage of the very hard-hitting - the absence of any self-control at all.The student has not mastered the no educational material, and therefore can not control him.The second step of the concept and structure of learning activity is defined as a complete self-control.Here the student is already able to show the correctness and completeness of its own reproduction learning.The third stage is already characterized as a stage of self-control, which the student chooses for himself.That is, the student has himself controls, checks himself on the main issues on their own.The fourth stage is not contemplated by the parties control, as well as self-control becomes less visible - is explained by the fact that it has already carried out automatically, as it were, on the basis of previous experience of the student.
Just be a little touch such a thing as a psychological structure of educational activity.Today, it is defined as the integral unity of the qualities that are important in teaching, as well as the relationships among themselves.To date, about the psychological structure of educational activity goes much debate and different opinions.Therefore, the exact definition can not give nobody, at least not today.
