many years, human activities have changed the stormy planet beyond recognition, and the extent of these changes is increasingly progressing due to the rapid technological development.Studies conducted over the past few years, specialists of the US National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, showed that 40% of the world's oceans transformed under the influence of man, and not for the better.The researchers analyzed 17 different activities that significantly affect the pollution of the oceans - radioactive waste, greenhouse gases, shipping and so on., And also took into account the chemical factors - oil, fertilizers, metals, etc.
Their findings are disappointing.As it turned out, the most polluted areas of the ocean are the Sea: The Norwegian, North, South China and East China.This is due to the fact that their waters are concentrated many oil platforms being actively fishing, and here fall heavily polluted river.Slightly cleaner and the Mediterranean and the Sea of Japan, as well as the coastal waters of the eastern United States.There densely populated coastlines and plenty of navigable waterways.
course, there are areas of ocean in the world, not felt the influence of man, but there are only 3% of the entire area of the world.Are they near the poles.
Let us consider a variety of sources, most pollution affecting the world's oceans.
One of the main oil is flowing into the world's water ballast or drain water tankers or leaks, while its production and transportation.Each year, the ocean is replenished 10 million tons of oil.The oil film has already covered 20% of the global area.
radioactive waste, which affect the ecology of the oceans, also represents a great danger to the life of water expanses and depths of the Earth.Since 1946, it began active draining radioactive waste in liquid form in the marine waters and the disposal of these and other waste on the seabed such countries as Great Britain, USA, France, Italy, the USSR, Germany, etc.
Pesticides pose a greater threat to the ocean ecosystem.They are artificially created substances used for the control of plant diseases and pests.Manufacture of pesticides produces by-products, which merge into the sewage and contaminate them and which then fall into the ocean.
synthetic surfactants (surface active agents) are also making a great contribution to the pollution of the oceans.Detergents that are part of pesticides and detergents based on synthetic, that are widely used by people, reduce the surface tension of water.They contain toxic ingredients that cause irreparable harm to organisms living in water.
Carcinogenic substances tend to be transforming activity and can cause disruption of embryonic development, and the mutation of living beings.Their main source is the decomposition of organic materials by burning different materials, fuel, wood.Carcinogenic substances affect water pollution.Their concentration in global waters greater than 100 mg / kg of dry matter.
heavy metals used in the production and falling into the ocean waters, are a toxic hazard to marine ecological communities, especially cadmium, mercury and lead.Each year, the hydrosphere is thrown about 455 ths. Tons of mercury and 15-30 tons of lead.
Many countries that have access to the sea, thrown into the waste water for the purpose of disposal.In particular, produced dumping materials such as solid waste, mud slag, explosives and chemical by-products industry, debris, etc.Volume graves reaches 10% of the weight of all the factors of ocean pollution.
course ponds tend to self-clean, but to a certain limit.Such a strong pollution of the oceans, they can not recycle.Therefore, mankind should think about saving water resources, which are an important source of physiological needs of the population.
