humanism - a particular worldview.According to the theoretical concept of a person is the highest value.Almost humanism - is respect for people.
Limbo outlook occurred during the Renaissance, in the 15-16 centuries.At this time in Italy, and later in England, France, Holland, Germany, formed a large-scale movement against the ecclesiastical despotism.
Speaking against the claims of religion to spend all his earthly life in atonement, humanists attributed person on top of the universe, asserting his right to happiness.They believed that people naturally seek pleasure, as well as have the ability to moral self-improvement, being spiritually free.
In response to the critical statements by religious fundamentalists of the humanistic movement stood secular humanism.This trend rejects faith, considering it fundamentally illusory way of targeting people in the world.So affirmed the ability to live by ethical standards, without the use of the religious hypothesis.
humanism - is (initially) recognition of the value of the human person, of her right to an unlimited development and manifestation of the available capacity.A more recent interpretation of the term refers to the assertion of the human good as a measure by which evaluates public attitudes.
Trying to express the principle of humanism in the same sentence, the authors obtain the following sentence: "Any person has the right to pursue happiness and freedom."According to the theory of ideology, people must not be used.Humanism - a concern for people.
In accordance with the views of the world, human life is priceless, special care should be shown in relation to the weakest: children, the disabled and women.In the field of pedagogical humanism represented the assertion that every child has a positive nucleus - it needs just to help develop.
believed that all children are born free.Humanism is opposed to the imposition of the child or that ideology, believing that he (the child) may determine its own path.Education thus must exclude the manipulation and coercion.Ideally, you should get a harmoniously developed personality, happy and free man.
should be noted, however, that humanism has always been criticized.Often this criticism was justified.Needless to respect for persons (including children and adults) has a downside.For example, those who guarded a child from drafts, often sick, and those who took care of the difficulties often experienced them.Clearly, any progress is impossible without errors.Thus the humanistic principle of "do no harm" to the man to make mistakes prohibited.
It should be noted the curious fact that until the 17th century, surgery is a matter of barbers, not doctors.Doctors had to observe humanitarian principles - they were not allowed to violate the integrity of the skin of patients.The operation was conducted Barber and learned doctor was sitting in the pulpit, and supervised the operation, reading out loud instructions.Today, of course, the principle is not understood so literally.Modern surgeons have the right and duty to damage the skin of the patient in order to preserve his life.
Nowadays, the development outlook is also undergoing some difficulties.Some authors point to certain excesses in the humanistic perception of the world.For example, people with disabilities, realize themselves as an oppressed minority, protesting today against prenatal diagnosis, which allows women to abort unborn children with disabilities.Thus, when humanism unnecessarily protects the weak and the sick, their numbers in society begins to increase.
