From 1940 to 1950 the country's socialist ideology called "people's democracies."By 1950, the ninth year there were fifteen.What the socialist countries were then in this number?Besides the Soviet Union, it was: ANDS (Albania), Yugoslavia (Yugoslavia), Czechoslovakia (Czechoslovakia), Bulgaria (Bulgaria), Vietnam (Vietnam), Hungary (Hungary), Romania (Romania), East Germany (part of Germany), Poland (Poland), China (China), Mongolia (Mongolia), Lao PDR (Lao Republic), North Korea (North Korea) and the Republic of Cuba.
What distinguished the socialist countries from the rest of the world?With so irritated the representatives of capitalism?The first - the socialist ideology in which public interests are above personal interests.
dramatic events and the defeat of socialism in the Soviet Union could not but be reflected in the system of international relations.The bipolar world has become a multipolar world.The USSR was quite influential actor.He put the rest of the collapse of the socialist countries in the world in a very difficult and rather dangerous position: to defend its policies and its sovereignty without the support they had previously the most powerful state.The reactionaries of the world were convinced and Korea, Cuba and Vietnam, and Laos, and China would fall through a relatively short time.
However, at present these socialist countries continue to build a socialist society, and their populations, by the way, is a quarter of the population of the Earth.Perhaps the tragic fate of Iraq, Yugoslavia and Afghanistan has allowed them to survive in the most difficult 90 years, who came to the collapse of the Union and led to chaos.Formerly belonging to the Soviet Union the role of vanguard decided to take on China, which began to be equal to the rest of the socialist countries.
Socialism in this country is conveniently divided into two main periods: maotszedunovsky (from 1949 to 1978-th) and densyaopinovsky (which began in 1979 and continues today.
His first "Five-Year Plan", China has successfully carried out with the help ofUSSR, achieving annual economic growth of 12%. Its share of industrial products rose to 40%. At the eighth Congress of the CPC was declared the victory of the socialist revolution. The plans of the next "five-year plan" was scheduled to increase performance. But the desire to make a huge leap led to a sharp decline(48%) of production.
convicted of obvious excesses of Mao Zedong was forced to leave the leadership of the country and plunge into theory. But such a rapid fall was played the same positive role: the rapid growth of the economy has been stimulated by the interest in his work every working person. Industrial productionin four years it has more than doubled (61%), while growth rates of agricultural production blocked the mark of 42%.
However, so-called "cultural revolution" that began in 1966, plunging the country into uncontrollable economic chaos for twelve years.
conclusions from the crisis of China Deng Xiaoping, who went deep into the study of the works of theorists of Marxism-Leninism and developed his own way to socialism, similar to the national concept of the NEP.External aggression China has threatened, so the duration of the transitional period was to be fifty years.
the Third Plenum of the Eleventh Convocation was declared the new program, the emphasis is placed on a combination of planning and distribution system and market, with mass attract investments from other countries.In addition, it encouraged the formation of independent businesses, family contracts, new discoveries in science.
young socialist country developed rapidly:
- doubling every decade, industrial production;
- China's GDP by 2005 has given way to a US GDP;
- increased the average annual income (up to 1740 USD per person);
- indicators of mutual trade went around the same indicators in the United States 200 million USD(in spite of Washington's restrictions on the import of Chinese products);
- gold reserves exceeded the reserves of all countries, becoming the largest in the world;
- increased, and significantly, the life expectancy of the Chinese.
to the experience of China is now eyeing many countries, including its immediate neighbors.
