Russia is the largest state by area in the world.It is famous for its rich natural resources, a variety of flora and fauna, scientific achievements.A country with opportunities and needs just need a clear and well thought out control of economic policy, which fully ensure the financial security and efficiency, and create conditions for the freedom and growth of the industry being.The economy in Russia resembles the industrial and agricultural type with elements inherent to postindustrial.
By some measures, Russia is developing countries, characterized by a low level of socio-economic development, which, as a rule, most of the Third World.In this list, you can add most of the world, except in the most developed countries.At the same time, the share of services in gross domestic product of Russia is much higher than 50%, which is typical for developed countries.While characterizing the GDP per unit of population, Russia is far behind European countries.First of all this is for the reason that it is characteristic of our country distributing economy is the basic model in this sphere of life.
This combination of different symptoms characteristic of the Russian Federation, and gives the right to call their economies in transition.Theoretically, there are only two main types of economy: market and distributing.A market economy based on the exchange of goods and services.The market economy guarantees the freedom of the consumer, which is expressed in the freedom of choice in the large market of both goods and services.
Freedom of enterprise is also characterized by a market economy lies in the fact that each unit of a company may have its own resources and organize the production process.In turn, private property is the foundation of the market economy.Transfer the economy - a term less common than the market economy.The essence of the transfer is in the service of the economy, namely the people serve the state, society, and for this rewarding benefits.Therefore, the benefits - financial reward for service.
Transfer economy operates on a "delivery-hands."This is qualitatively distinguishes it from the market economy, which, in turn, is based on the mechanism of "sale".Self-adjusting distributing the economy was formed during the natural historical evolution.It is also based on the principle of self-organization, however, the rules of conduct differ significantly from the market.
Throughout the history of philosophy of the Russian economy is determined by such actions as darstvovanie tribute, distribution.The basis of all these words - the verb "to give."Rules and regulations of hands were formed throughout the history of the origin and existence of the system.First, the distribution took the form of salary from the Duke squad.These salaries could include food, weapons, clothing, etc.Then pivot object that "got under the hand", became native land.Each prince settled in a particular region, brought together his entire retinue.Then we began to form the first principles land hands either from father to son, or depending on the genealogical grade.
In Soviet times, the distribution expressed in the form of cash salary.For every Soviet citizen supposed to pay, which is consistent with social status and position.Thus, historically generated before the principle of hands - "to each according to rank" - not lost universal.It is this principle more accurately describes the philosophy of the transfer system.
At the same time, when they were formed to develop rules and hands appeared and principles of change.The basis of donations - the completion of the public treasury.The basis of the national coffers were items such as expense of the tribute, taxes, rents.All have invested in the country's budget share of what is produced.Principles donations have survived to this day.Only now the treasury - a state budget, as a tribute - tax.
