State and municipal finances in the financial structure occupy a special position.This is due to their specific purpose, which is to provide state authorities and territorial cash management.These funds are used to assist in the enforcement of these bodies of their functions.
State and municipal finances are a monetary relationships that are formed within the distribution process, which is caused by formation of the corresponding means of the state and municipal authorities.Directed these funds for civilian needs, economic regulation, funding for law enforcement and national security, management and other expenses.
State and municipal finances are involved in the regulation of social phenomena, the development of priority economic sectors.With their help smoothing the differences in the level of social and economic development of certain areas of the country.
State and municipal finances are influenced by a number of factors.
example, is very important form of the apparatus of power.The unitary state as a whole (compared to federated) are characterized by a high degree of concentration of funds at the disposal of the central government agencies.In these countries, as the basis of financial resources of administrative-territorial elements protrude from the payment of income and means of regulating the value help of the central authorities.
As part of the federal state, which was built in accordance with the principle of division of powers and subjects of regulation and central offices subjective power, prevailing value acquire their own income subjects.At the same time it has been a reduction in the scale of budgetary reallocations.
State and municipal finances are formed in accordance with the administrative-territorial structure of the country.This is reflected in the activities of some other subjects as part of or in the formation of territorial entities of different levels.
In accordance with the Constitution of the Region (the area of education and others) and autonomous regions included in their composition are equal subjects of the country.In this connection, the organization of financial resources takes place in the framework of the division of powers with both the federal government and between the territorial units.
The formation of state and municipal finances influence and special status of some subjects.In accordance with its status, territorial entities perform certain functions.On a number of tasks and allocated additional funding that allows individual entities to obtain financial independence.
In accordance with the principle of equality enshrined in Article 5 of the Constitution, the differences in the structure and scope of authority of state bodies territories and republics, autonomous regions, provinces and other elements is not provided.Under federal law, all entities established uniform standards for deductions from dues and taxes in the budget and a single method for calculating financial aid.
It should be noted that municipal formations legislation provided an opportunity to use a special mode of operation.Application with respect to the territorial unit of the country's special status due to several reasons.Among them noted a concentration within the boundaries of the subject of security facilities for which a special regime, the specialization of city-forming organizations on an innovative, scientific-technical, scientific activities in the context of the scientific-industrial complex.It has a special status requires more authority to the local government offices and additional sources of cash flows (finance state and municipal enterprises, for example).
