Bastille and its capture, the famous revolutionary song "Marseillaise", an instrument of death and justice Furniture Guillotine, the Jacobin Club, terror, political repression - is what often comes to mind when it comes to the French Revolution.But the events of that tumultuous era is not reduced to a mere bloody episodes and endless series of internal and external wars.Otherwise, what is the greatness of this revolution?And it is that for the first time in history was, in practice, made an attempt to put into practice the ideas of centuries to think it is absolutely utopian.In the most concise form the essence of the ideas formulated in the immortal slogan of the revolution "equality, fraternity and liberty", but in a more expanded form they ever entered the history of the world in this document, the Declaration of Human Rights.
During the Great Revolution in France, published a number of documents with a similar name.For example, the first of them - a Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789, adopted by the Constituent Assembly (so-called revolutionary parliament), Article №1 proclaimed that people born free and have equal rights.
second article talked about preserving the natural rights of man as the main goal of any political union, but the essence of the rights themselves are freedom, the availability of the property, there is no danger to life and the possibility of resistance to oppression.
further said that today looks absolutely natural, but then seemed truly revolutionary - the equality of all, without regard to class accessory, before the law, individual freedom, freedom of conscience, speech and the press.Not have been set aside economic and financial mechanisms - Declaration of Human Rights declared the property "inviolable and sacred right", and establishes a uniform distribution of the tax payments of all citizens, the procedure for their collection and supervision of the use.A number of articles declared many new, much more progressive legal norms - on the rule of law, on the order of proceedings, and so on.Relevance in our days are the provisions of Article 15 on the right of citizens to demand a report from each officer.
of course, proclaimed in the very first weeks of the revolution, the Declaration of Human Rights had a number of significant drawbacks.They are to some extent been eliminated in its subsequent edition.Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen in 1793 was supplemented by a number of social freedoms: the right to petition, assembly, and even resisting the authorities in case of violation of its legitimate interests of the people.It emphasized the obligation of society to care for the poor and disabled citizens, as well as talked about the promotion of education for the general population.
Since the establishment of the historical documents has been more than two centuries, but until now Declaration of Human Rights remains one of the most remarkable and most important creations of the human mind, governing the rights and obligations of all members of a truly democratic society.
