human language - is a muscular organ located in the oral cavity.The structure of the language directly determines the properties and functions of the body.This body is of great importance, as it provides the ability to perceive and distinguish the taste and he is responsible for it.
structure of human language
So, as already mentioned, language - is a large muscular organ.It consists of three parts:
- tongue root - the part that is attached to the hyoid bone and the mandible.
- The body - most of the body.
- The top - the most mobile part of the tongue facing forward.
root of the tongue is between the molars and covered by mucous membrane so-called palato-lingual arch.Next up is the biggest part of the body - his body.It lies between the branches of the lower jaw.The upper part of the language, which faces to the sky and throat, called the back - she shared a deep sagittal groove.The lower portion is free only partially, as close to the throat attached to the muscles.The side surface of the body converge in the bridle, which can be seen by lifting the tongue to the palate.
top body is covered with a mucous membrane, which contains the lingual papillae.Interestingly, in the posterior part of the language there is a cluster of lymphoid formations that form the so-called lingual tonsil.
The mucosa of language, as well as in the submucosal layer contains a lot of small salivary glands, which are synthesized predominantly mixed secret.
structure of the language and explains the functionality thereof.
- language involved in the machining of the food - it mixes food with saliva and is involved in the formation of breast food.
- Language provides the beginning of swallowing - as soon as the food gets to the root of the breast, stop swallowing reflex is no longer possible.
- Due to the mechanical and taste buds, he is an organ of touch and taste.
- language involved in the formation of articulate, human speech.
- Since its mucous membrane is characterized by high permeability, it allows you to quickly absorb some nutrients, including drugs.
Language structure sensitive papillae
Across the surface groups are located sensitive nipples.Accepted provide the following types:
- Cone and thread-like papillae are mechanical and tactile receptors.
- Mushroom and are located on the edges of language and near its top.It contains taste buds.
- trough papillae are the largest units, which have taste buds.Their number may range from seven to twelve pieces.They are located in a Roman numeral V.
- leaf-buds are located primarily on the edges of the tongue, and also act as taste buds.
taste buds depart from nerve endings that are part of the flavor of the analyzer and is carried out in the respective centers of the cerebral cortex.
structure of the language and the perception of taste
taste bulbs are placed not only on the surface of the tongue.It can also be seen on the rear surface epiglottic cartilage and nasal surface sky.Now that you know the basic principles of the structure of the language, so you should consider how it is perceived by the taste.
accepted to distinguish four basic tastes: salty, bitter, sweet and sour.Each of these different group specific taste receptor.
standard bearer of salty taste is sodium chloride, which react buds located on the edges of the tongue and in the front part.But the sour taste is perceived by the side edges of the back of the body.This taste depends on the pH of the substance.
sweet taste to associate with the presence of sugar in the diet, although such a reaction develops and glycerin, and some proteins and amino acids.The detector is a so-called G-proteins.Taste receptors that respond to sweet, located at the tip of the tongue.The bitter taste is perceived the same as G-proteins.The set of receptors located on the tongue.
