Man can not exist outside society - a fact that has long been proved.This means that over the life of the people have to cope with each other: with parents, classmates, colleagues, and even passenger minibuses.To simplify the process of perception itself other person brings different classifications.Sometimes they are objective, when the basis is gender, age, profession, nationality.However, excessive systematization of people is fraught with danger klishirovaniya thinking when personality traits attributed to man begin only on the grounds that it falls in a particular social group.
What stereotype
stereotypes originally called topographical plates for repetitive text.Actually, in Greek "stereos" means "solid" and "topos" - "mark."However, in the early 20th century, the word got nothing but a broader meaning.For the first time that such a stereotype in terms of thinking, perception and behavior, said Walter Lippmann - a journalist and political commentator.It was he who established that there are strong ideas about behavior, cultural peculiarities of different social groups apply to all of its representatives.
Kinda pictures arising in the human brain.This stereotype is usually formed on the basis of non-personal, and the experience of others.At the same time they are quite hardy.Even in a situation where a person is convinced that the stereotype does not work, it is written off in the event, or all calls to a certain "exceptions prove the rule."Meanwhile, the reality is always more complex patterns, which are often partially or completely false.Everyone knows that a person's identity is multifaceted, that no two people are alike.However, with the stereotypes of the individual drives in one sentence the whole social group.This often believing that it is in respect of its most cliches do not work, that he - the same "black sheep."
Types stereotypes
There are a lot of clichés.For example, the stereotypes, which are based on the division by age, are as follows: young people - bad manners, does not want to study, work, do not respect their elders.Usually after that follows, "But in our time ...".Familiar?But the first such statements were presented in ancient times.And every generation again and again utters the same words to his successors.On the other hand, did not believe young people are grumpy old Conservatives, unable to cope with the progress?And everyone there will not point fingers at the dressed up in the latest fashion grandmother?It is not supposed to!
That is the stereotype of gender is known, perhaps, everything."All women do .., to all men ..."!Who does not know this "true" claims?However, there are gender stereotypes that are imposed on us social roles: the man - earner who has to earn a lot of money.Place of women - in the kitchen, its purpose - to give birth to children and to please her husband.The girl had nothing to do in the garage, a man has no right to cross stitching ... Those who go against the stereotypes that are often faced with some malice: my husband will not cook burgers - you throw it.The fact that her husband, maybe not like meatballs, and he knows how to cook, do not usually think.Because live by stereotypes are comfortable and familiar.
Here is an example of religious stereotypes: Islam - the religion of terror, Christianity - mercy, forgiveness.It is often forgotten medieval crusades.Needless to say that any belief that is different from the conventional, immediately perceived as a sect.
Equally popular national clichés: Russian - alcoholics, the Germans - racist Americans earthy (yes, the very "well, stupid-ee!").And there are stereotypes, and on a professional basis.Locksmith?So drink!Accountant cheating with taxes ... and indeed cheating.Janitor always the mother.A housewife, especially when she traveled to the decree, must necessarily "be stupefied" and "become effeminate", and God forbid she does not like soap operas!But such examples - a thousand!While in everyday life we do not even suspect how our thinking took over stereotypes.But why such claim clichés?
Benefits and harms klishirovaniya
Stereotypes are not useless and there is certainly not out of nowhere.Their undoubted advantage is that they allow less tense, do not waste mental powers to knowledge of new information.For example, when you for a long time already derived the Pythagorean theorem, it is necessary only to learn, but do not open again.So the stereotype: if someone has proved that all blondes - silly, why should be fired?It is known that easy to learn from others' mistakes.
So what is a stereotype - evil or good?And yet, more evil.The problem cliché is that they give us too simplistic knowledge like divide the world into black and white, but anyone who has passed the phase of youthful extremism, knows that it does not happen.By the way, not all teenagers - uncontrollable, rebellious creation.A stereotype exists.Therefore, the normal clichés and harm human interaction, are misleading with respect to the representatives of other social groups.Moreover, they are often stops progress.After all, if to be sure that the money without start-up capital is not possible, and try not worth it.That is why the individual is the thinking stereotypes - is usually superficial people, close, driven and unable to own opinion.
Yes, cliché eliminate the unnecessary collection of data, but they are also linked arms to block the mental, creative activities, play the role of the shell, which is, like, comfortable and safe, but it is for the whole world - you just get.
