word "ethnicity" is translated from the Greek as "people" and refers to a group of people united by the subjective or objective evidence.These include culture, language, territory of residence and identity.In 1923, Russian scientist S.M.Shirokogorov, emigrated after the October Revolution, coined the term "ethnicity" in Russian.However, its value is much broader than just "people".
main signs ethnic group, according to some scientists, this language and culture.Other add here ethnic identity and a common territory of residence.Still others attached to these symptoms general psychological essence of people.In other words, ethnic group may consist of biological and socio-economic features of a particular people or nation.He began to take shape 100,000 years ago.Prior to his appearance there such thing as a family, then the clan and the clan.
By ethnic groups are tribes, peoples, and complete the chain of the nation.Unlike States, they do not break, and moved independently of any territories.It is necessary to highlight these signs of the ethnic group, as government, the general economy and social development.This concept gradually evolves and goes through the stages of the tribal and ethnic groups, subsequently becoming a nation.Biological changes in the ethnic community of the social and political.
first stage in its formation is a tribe.Originally it consisted of people who were talking to the same language and lived in the same area.It was inherent in the tribal system, which is formed after the collapse of the new community of people called "nationality."
first nation began to emerge during the slave system and feudalism.Signs of the ethnic group, which distinguishes them is not only a language and a common area, but also the culture and the economy.Nationalism is much more than a tribe and family ties in it other than that observed in the tribe.
ethnic groups are united in the state, which can be switched on and completely unrelated ethnic groups.Peoples themselves unstable and in the era of feudalism often disintegrated, forming at the same time new groups.A large number of them occurred during the formation of states.
Signs of ethnic nationalities - is, above all, national identity.Last, the highest type of ethnic group - the nation.
Nation began to emerge during the period of the rise of capitalism.At this time, start to develop a common economic structure and market relations, there own art and literature.
Nation account for hundreds of millions of people, thanks to a common language, territory, and the economy formed a single psycho and national character.Nation occurred due to industrialization and capitalization of the Company.They have throughout the history of actively fighting for its sovereignty, which is manifested in ethnic conflicts and ethnic hatred.
Signs of the nation - is not only a social and economic unity of the people, but also the cultural, religious and spiritual closeness.The generality of the people can not be a nation if you do not speak the same language or do not have the social and economic union.
Signs nation are required to nationality could consider themselves a nation.The peoples who have no spiritual or religious community, culture or territories are no signs of the nation.
main types of ethnic groups - this tribe, nation and nation.Do not confuse concepts such as the nation and nationality.The Russian nationality - is a narrow concept of man's belonging to a particular nation, in other countries the concept of nationality linked with citizenship.For a deeper understanding of the issues related to the development of human society, it is necessary to study these kinds of ethnic groups more deeply.
