the early 19th century in Russia was marked by the rise of cultural, dubbed the "golden age".Russian culture of the 19th century was famous throughout the world and ahead of many other European countries.In the art of classicism it was approved, which is reflected in the architecture, literature, music.
When Alexander I, a policy of "enlightened absolutism", aimed at the development of education, support for the industry, she patronized the arts and sciences.
who ascended the throne in 1825, Nicholas I pursued a reactionary policy that relies on the police and the bureaucracy.
architecture of the early 19th century
great influence on various fields of art and public life has had a victory in the Patriotic War of 1812.Therefore, the Russian culture of the first half of the 19th century is characterized by patriotic sentiments.Reflecting those glorious events can be seen in architecture.A talented architect, a native of serfs Andrey Voronikhin became the founder of the Kazan Cathedral.It was conceived as a kind of Paul I ST. Peter's in Rome.Voronikhin was able to successfully enter the building in the central ensemble for St. Petersburg Nevsky Prospect.Kazan Cathedral, which has become a memorial to the War of 1812, became the burial place of Field Marshal Mikhail Kutuzov.At the finish of the iconostasis it took forty pounds of silver, which kidnapped the French and returned by Cossacks.There were kept banners and flags of French troops.
arts
developed the art of painting in the portrait.One of the most significant Russian portrait painters of this era found OA Kiprensky.Romantic style of the 19th century Russian culture developed during the period of political turmoil that reigned in Europe, where there were wars of conquest Napoleon.This period is famous portrait Hussar Colonel Denis Davydov works Kiprensky.In the women's portraits Kiprensky passed warmth and lyricism of the images.The artist wanted to show his paintings of people who reflect the historical era.
Music
Classical style of the 19th century Russian culture applies to all types of art.Thus, in his music a bright representative was Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka.He belongs to the phrase: "Music makes the people, we only arrange it."He was the founder of Russian classical opera (fabulously epic opera "Ruslan and Lyudmila", national musical drama "Life for the Tsar").
Literature
integral part of the concept of "culture of the 19th century" in Russian literature is that at this time has grown into one of the leading in the world.Classical writers created works imbued with humanism and patriotism.There were magazines: the socio-political and literary.At the beginning of the century he reigned sentimentalism, which is a bright representative of NM Karamzin.Then he was replaced by romanticism, found its expression in the works of VA Zhukovsky.Sentimentalism makes the reader sympathize with the heroes who had a keen sensitivity.Romantic writers contrasted the heroic characters of the society interested in the nature and history of the peoples of other countries.
for any educated person of the 19th century Russian culture is not without Pushkin, whose formation as a poet occurred against a background of patriotic enthusiasm in the society that emerged thanks to the victory in the 1812 war.As a tribute to the romantic style of Pushkin creates poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila".In the southern poems he glorified the theme of freedom.The early poem "The Village" and "Freedom" talking about civic poet.At the end of the life of Alexander Pushkin he created such masterpieces as the drama "Boris Godunov" and the novel "Eugene Onegin".The poet in his work could cover all genres and proved the versatility of his genius.
This is not a complete list of the achievements of the great Russian culture of the early 19th century.She has made an invaluable contribution to the development of national arts and education, and also had an enormous influence on world culture.
