Battle of Kulikovo was the final tough confrontation Temnik Mamaia and Prince Dmitry Ivanovich.Preparation of Russia to the general battle with a horde began with the accession to the throne of Moscow Prince Dmitry Ivanovich.The Golden Horde in the middle of the XIV century was significantly weakened by two decades of turmoil.This originated when Khan Berdibek murder of his father and brothers, he himself Berdibek was killed two years later in 1339 his brother, for two decades on the throne of the Horde changed more than 20 governors.Smoot was over came to power, Khan Tokhtamysh.During the Troubles was climbing Temnik Mamaia, which is not a legitimate heir, could not seize power in the Horde.
Mamai then turned his attention towards Russia, which wanted to create a state of their own.After gathering a huge army, he invited Prince Dmitry Ivanovich to pay tribute, comparable to that which Russia previously paid the Golden rulers.At first, the prince did not want to pay Mom, knowing its real status.However, comparing the effect of the Khan's troops and realizing that her mother is currently stronger prefer to pay in gold, than the lives of their people.However, the Horde was not satisfied temnik tribute, and began to prepare a new campaign to Russia.
Dmitry also decided to prepare to resist.Gather the troops began in August 1380, troops were concentrated near the town of Kolomna.August 26 Russian army moved in a campaign.Initially, the route was along the river.Okie, at the mouth of the river.Lopasnya troops crossed the Oka and moved south to the source of the Don.The need for such a route interpreted the desire to divide the army of Tatars and Lithuanians, as well as the reluctance to move through the hostile lands of Ryazan.Ryazan at the time was on the side of Mamaia.
Kulikovo field is located between the rivers Don and Nepryadva, its landscape is most suitable for battle.Wetlands and forested flanks did not give room for the active use of the Tatar cavalry.Russian troops deployed in the order of battle, stood at the forefront of the guard regiment, designed only to tie the bout, substituting Mongolian troops under fire Russian shooters and then swiftly retreat.For the advanced guard stood Regiment, which was the first blow to ease entry into the main battle troops.The third line was a large regiment, which was supposed to take over the whole brunt of the Mongol armies.Located on the flanks shelves left and right hands.In the small fishing line hidden ambush regiment, which was led by an experienced governor Dmitry Bobrok-Volyn.
Battle of Kulikovo started 8th September 1380.Start battle put the match monk Peresvet and Mongol warrior Chelubey, in which both died.Tatar cavalry attacked the center, smashed the guard and cutting-edge shelves, she spent three hours trying to break through the defense of a large regiment.Then Mamay struck the second blow on the left flank, forcing Dmitry Ivanovich to put into action the first reserve, but could not withstand the onslaught of the Tatars, the left wing was broken, and the Russian troops were on the verge environment.At this point, and was dealt an unexpected blow ambush regiment, which decided the outcome of the battle, turning the Mongolian army to flight.Russian troops were still more than fifty kilometers driven Tatar troops, so triumphant battle has been completed on the Kulikovo field.
Results Kulikov battle can not be overestimated.It was the beginning of the end of the Mongol-Tatar yoke.After her for two years, up to a campaign Tokhtamysh to Moscow, which he took using false promises Novgorod merchants, Russia did not pay tribute to the Horde.But after the payment became more and more conditional.Invasion of Mamaia on Russian soil was completely destroy Russia, turning it into a horde of Mamaia, which, not having achieved recognition in their own land, he decided to become a ruler in another.Battle of Kulikovo and resolute rebuff Dmitry Ivanovich, nicknamed after the battle - Don showed Horde force of Russian arms.
Year Kulikov battle was the starting point, after which the Mongols no longer ventured to enter into an open confrontation with Russia.Battle of Kulikovo had a huge impact on the consciousness of the Russian people, who understood that the Tatars are not only possible, but necessary to win.
Exactly one hundred years Russia has officially considered a vassal of the Golden Horde, the power of which was completed the great confrontation on Ugra River, though none of the parties has decided to active hostilities, the Mongols left with nothing.
