In 1853, Turkey was declared a war Russia.On November of the same year, Russia supported the initiative and declared war on Turkey.
the outbreak of hostilities was a success for the Russian side.On the Danube Theatre Russian army successfully repelled the onslaught of the Turks, and then crossed the Danube and laid siege to the fortress of Silistra.At the same time in the Caucasus it was defeated by the Turkish army.
ally of Turkey by France and Britain.These states were afraid strengthen Russia's influence, so March 1 allies have put forward a requirement that the Russian troops were to be withdrawn from the Danubian principalities.Russia has refused, after which France and Britain declared war on her.The big event, which resulted in the Crimean War - the defense of Sevastopol - originates here.
In 1854, it was a diversion of the British fleet in the Baltic Sea and the White Sea and landing in the Crimea.September 12 many thousands of Anglo-French troops arrived in the Crimea and headed to Sevastopol.
first troops faced September 8 near the river Alma.Here the Russian army, behind the enemy in numbers, defeated and had to retreat.The enemy went to Sevastopol and bypassing the city from the east, it took a comfortable haven.The siege and defense of Sevastopol.
Home Defense
Defense of Sevastopol lasted 349 days.Sevastopol was a well-fortified city from the sea, because the Black Sea fleet is based.But on the landward side it had almost no fortifications.In 1854, they only began to be erected.Defense of Sevastopol was organized by the admiral Nakhimov, VA Kornilov and VI Istomin.
Anglo-French ships blocked the city from the sea.For the Barriers to an enemy ship it has been decided about the sinking of seven large ships.Later flooded five.
When the defense of Sevastopol began, the city was a garrison of 17 thousand people.In October, the troops arrived in Sevastopol Prince AS Menshikov.In defense of the city were now 35 thousand people.
Progress defense
defenders of the city - thousands of soldiers and sailors, residents, women and children - created 8 km of fortifications, which were designed to protect the southern part of the city.There have placed bastions, lunettes, redoubts, lodgements.The Crimean War, defense of Sevastopol residents were forced to give everything they have: carts, materials, horses.Strengthening works did not stop even at night.October 16 city already had 20 batteries doubled heavy weapons.Management Engineering Colonel defense was on the EI Totleben.The land borders of protected marine artillery from the ships of the Black Sea Fleet. Defense of Sevastopol in 1854 continued.
immediate assault on the town had been disadvantageous to the enemy.During the siege of Sevastopol was bombed six times.June 6 was an attempt to storm the Ship party, but she was repulsed by the city's defenders.
In an effort to break the defense of Sevastopol the enemy dug 1280 meters of underground galleries, which produced 120 explosions.But defenders of the city ahead of opponents in the mine warfare: they dug 6889 meters of galleries.The mine war was fought under the leadership of an officer AV Melnikov.
bloody and persistent struggle waged for Malakoff.August 27, 1855 the French occupied this position, and the next day the Russian troops left the south side of Sevastopol.They blew up the fortifications, then pulled a floating bridge across the bay, built during the campaign, to the northern side.As a result of these actions the enemy was divided Sevastopol bay.
In 1856, negotiations took place.According to the peace treaty, the Russian fleet in the Black Sea, as well as military fortifications were liquidated.Over the next twenty years, Sevastopol is in decline.
