great philosopher Berdyaev once said that nationalism had to be condemned as heresy by the Christian church.Of course, this did not happen, but the contradictions of this social phenomenon is still excites the minds of many people: some believe that in nationalism the future, and only on this ideology can form a normal society, while others believe it is not as relevant in today's world, andthose precedents nationalism who remember history, better to forget and not to return to them.
What is nationalism in general is known to all: it is such a political ideology, in which special importance is given to the nation, respect for traditions, education of national consciousness.At first glance, proclaimed innocent and even high moral values, but it is important to pay attention to the fact that the nationalism of national minorities in the state almost no rights, and other peoples in neighboring and distant countries are considered secondary.Thus, nationalism - a very controversial social phenomenon, which is able to take an even more radical form and lead eventually to a national tragedy, genocide and ethnic cleansing.
Today nationalism exists in some countries, that does not give any of these countries, the positive global "image": the Baltic states, Ukraine and Russia - the next examples where partially manifested nationalism.
What is nationalism?
Here are the features of this phenomenon, then to compare it with patriotism and Nazism.
- Nation.In this ideology there is an understanding that all humanity is divided naturally self-sufficient in the group - the nation, who have their own characteristics.
- Also in this ideology focuses on the fact that the nation should participate in the political processes of the state.
- where problems are most acutely manifest a common language and culture.Today, we see it in Ukraine and Latvia, where the Russian-speaking population in some way infringed because of the inability to fully make use of the Russian language in all areas of life (for example, filling out paperwork, dissertations, etc.).However, Ukraine is currently the power structures are trying to solve this problem, which is not the Republic of Latvia.
- nation is perceived as the supreme value.
- Education, according to this ideology, should be available to all members of the nation.
Typology
To understand what nationalism, consider its existing types:
- Civic.It also focused on the possibility of representatives of the nation to participate in shaping political decisions.The state in this case is the will of the nation.
- Ethnic.It attends to the culture, language, religion, traditions and history as a unifying element of all the representatives of the nation.
- Extreme nationalism.This type of nationalism is evaluated negatively in most countries and is classified as socially dangerous.For example, in Russia for inciting ethnic hatred and to get criminal case on trial.Nazism and Fascism are based on extreme nationalism.
What makes nationalism and patriotism?
It related concepts, so between them there are no strong differences.Patriotism is not so radical, but it is also based on a love of languages, peoples and traditions.If nationalism is formed on the love for the nation, for the patriotic feelings of love characteristic of the country in which lives a patriot.However, he recognizes the importance of all social strata, including those of other nationalities.
nationalism and Nazism: The two sides of the same coin
Nazism was based on nationalism or racism.A nation or a race at the same time is proclaimed the best in the world.Nazism was the official ideology of the Third Reich, which extolled the Aryan race over all others.He is an example of failure and perversion of concept of nationalism, whose occurrence (Nazism) is only possible in countries in crisis.
What cosmopolitan nationalism in the eyes?
Cosmopolitans not welcome nationalism, because their views are completely opposite.Cosmopolitans think that people should worry about universal issues, and that the selection of one nation among others is unacceptable.They believe that the chauvinistic nationalism has potential and is therefore safe for society because of the risk to transform in a radical form.
