Potsdam Conference (1945) was the last meeting of the top leaders of the anti-fascist coalition.It was the longest by time (from 17 July to 2 August), and was significantly different in character from all previous (in Tehran and Yalta).Instead, Roosevelt at the conference had attended Truman, and Churchill was accompanied Attlee (Labour leader).Only the representative of the USSR was the same.
Potsdam Conference demonstrated that at this time among the countries of the "Big Three" relations were already running high in the extreme, and have reached the limit voltage.America and Britain accused the Soviet Union in violation of the Yalta agreements in relation to Poland and Romania;The Soviet Union in response to England pointed to the fact that it supports national elements in Greece.
meeting in the Berlin suburb of leaders of the "Big Three" - Churchill, Truman and Stalin - lasted for 17 days.It was necessary to develop a policy towards defeated Germany.
Solutions Conference
«Big Three" has to solve political issues exclusively.The tone of the talks became more sharp than before.To reach an agreement was difficult because there have been differences in the positions of countries.The main issue, which was supposed to solve the Potsdam Conference, was the situation in Germany.The project was rejected by her dismemberment, so needed to develop new policy guidelines with regard to this country, at that time occupied by the Allies.
military occupation of Germany, it was decided not to limit terms.But the problem was that American soldiers occupied territories which were under the plan to move to the Soviet Union.It was decided to withdrawal of US troops, in return for which they were able to enter the sector of Berlin (along with Britain and France).Another point that strain relations between the allies, the British were slow in the matter of disarmament of German troops.On the orders of Churchill, who wanted to be able military pressure on the Soviet Union, some of them were in a state of combat readiness.
Potsdam Conference :
the results in many decisions adopted in 1945, repeated the idea of the Yalta Conference, but in a more detailed, detailed form.
As a result, negotiations were set political and economic principles of the postwar arrangement and relationship to Germany.To control it was created supervisory board of the four commanders of the occupation forces.
documented decision of the meeting were recorded Potsdam Declaration, which prescribes the unconditional surrender of Japan.Stalin reiterated the commitment to start a war with Japan, not later than three months after the end Potsdam Conference.
eastern border of Germany was moved to the west to the Oder-Neisse line.This reduced the territory of the country by a quarter.To the east of this border is the land of Silesia, East Prussia, Pomerania and parts.Mostly it was the rural areas (except for Upper Silesia, is a major center of heavy industry in Germany).
the Soviet Union withdrew the land of East Prussia with Königsberg (renamed Kaliningrad).Its territory was created Kaliningrad region of the RSFSR.
the last day have been signed all the fundamental decisions of the postwar settlement issues.Not invited to the meeting, France August 7, 1945 approved, albeit with some reservations, all these decisions.
Currently the palace Cecilienhof, where the Potsdam Conference was held, hosted a memorial museum dedicated to this event, and is a modern hotel.
