Life on Earth originated for a long time.It arose under the influence of a variety of complex factors which over time have led not only to the appearance of life, but also the manifestation of it in various forms.Thus, the complexity of the conditions of formation has led to that living nature is different from systems that, being combined and subordinated to each other to form a multi-level integrated structure, which is unthinkable without one of the links.
basic levels of organization of wildlife
To understand this system, you need to understand that the proposed structure of the hierarchical chain.Each of them can be regarded as a separate system or subsystem, but the holistic perception of the levels of life from the biological point of view, is very important in the development of this material.
Levels of organization of wildlife and characterized
Before proceeding to the description, we note that the generic list Biosystems does not exist, and we proposed is the most common: There are 8 levels of the organization.
- Levels of organization of wildlife: molecular and cellular
Molecular.It is an archaic level, which is the boundary between living and not living nature.Elementary units here are chemical substances: proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, and others. It is here that the transfer of genetic information occurs biosynthesis and conversion of energy.Encoding information - the primary goal of molecular level, which, in turn, has two components: molecules of organic and inorganic compounds, as well as complexes of chemical compounds.
cell.Here are the elements of the cell association - organelles.It is responsible for reproductive function involved in the regulation of chemical reactions, and also there occurs energy consumption.It consists of a single component - the complex molecules of chemical compounds.At this level occurs biosynthesis, photosynthesis and cell division.
- Levels of organization of wildlife: tissue and organ
Cloth.It contains fabrics which combine various cells having an identical structure.In multicellular organisms are tissues during ontogeny of cell divisions into different groups.In animals and plants they are different due to specialized cells.
Authority.In this system, the elements are the bodies of organisms.In some cases, you can watch the whole organ systems (for more advanced organisms), and in the simplest movement, breathing, digestion, etc., At the expense of individual organelles.
- Levels of organization of nature: organism and population-specific
organism.This level of organization of life characteristic of unicellular and multicellular.Here it is possible to supply different ways, reveals a different structure (animals, birds, fungi, bacteria).Here it is found the connection of the body with the environment, which is also involved in the formation of the structural features.The main component is a cell.
population-species.Presented RELATIVES that forms populations and, in turn, in the views.The main functions of this level are birth and death rates, population density.This sets the kind of strong relationship with the environment.
- Levels of organization of wildlife: biogeocenotic and Biosphere
biogeocenotic.This layer is also referred to as the "ecosystem".Here we see the organization of life in terms of population: it is a wide coverage of the same type (similar) things.The ecosystem level has a set of properties: the structure of the population, the types of biotic relations, quantitative and species composition of it.The main components are: the features of the environment and food systems.
Biosphere.This is the highest form of organization of ecosystems.The main elements are: the ecosystem and the environment, which is defined as soil, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and others. Global Settings.There is an interaction of living and nonliving, as well as the cycling of matter.
