Cuban Revolution is a long armed struggle for power, which began on 26 July 1953 and was completed in early January 1959 the complete victory of the rebels.This event led to the change of the political system and completely turned the entire future history of the country.
Cuban revolution - the reasons
main problems of the state to the mid-20th century, remained the same:
- monoculture agriculture - industry is the basis of sugar cane;
- widespread latifundia - huge private land, which specialized exclusively on exports and extensive use of forced wage labor;
- dependence of the economy as a whole from the US capital.
In early March 1952 in the country there was a coup, which resulted in a set of military-police dictatorship headed by Fulgencio Batista.
new authorities are characterized by high corruption, Cuba began political repression and economic policy led to a sharp decline in real incomes.In a society growing discontent that spilled in the form of another coup attempt.Revolutionaries headed young lawyer and political leader Fidel Castro.
History Revolution
group of rebels led by Fidel Castro's July 26, 1953 attempted to storm the fortified barracks Moncada fortress in Santiago.They counted on the support of the masses, because the public discontent with the current regime was enormous.However, this did not happen, and a detachment of revolutionaries fought alone for two hours, after suffering a crushing defeat.
Most of the rebels were killed and the rest captured and brought to justice.Fidel Castro alone defended at the trial because he was a lawyer.There he uttered his famous words: "History Will Absolve Me."
All the defendants received significant sentences - from 10 to 15 years.But the public was on the side of the rebels, forcing Batista soon sign an order of amnesty.The Castro brothers immediately after his release from prison emigrated to neighboring Mexico, to create there a rebel organization "M-26" ("July 26 Movement").There Fidel Castro was able to meet with the famous revolutionary Che Guevarra, who immediately joined the M-26.
At the beginning of December 1956 to the coast of the province of Oriente floated yacht "Granma", which landed 82 armed insurgents.The Cuban Revolution of preparation has passed the stage of active hostilities.Landing immediately noticed the government troops, and it was almost completely destroyed.According to various sources, this troop survived from 11 to 22 people.
Despite another failure, the revolutionaries did not think to give up.It was decided to delve deeper into the country, go to the rural areas.There Rebels won the trust of people, recruiting them into their ranks.In the cities, too, was active in the student community.Point organized armed uprisings.
By then Batista regime was disapproval not only in his country but also in the United States - mainly economic and military partner of Cuba.This fact plays into the hands of the revolutionaries.
summer of 1958, the Cuban revolution has moved to the stage of the offensive.By the autumn the rebels took control of the province of Las Villas and Oriente, and the first day of 1959 their troops triumphantly entered Santiago.Along with these events, Che Guevarra troops captured the city of Santa Clara.
Batista decided to flee the country, and his government has actually resigned.January 2 revolutionaries took Havana - the capital of Cuba.A few days later, on January 6, the city triumphantly arrived Fidel Castro to take over the fullness of the new government.
history of Cuba after the revolution
The country immediately began a radical transformation.In place of the former armed forces of rebel army came and took the place of the police People police.
in May 1959 was carried out agrarian reform, which resulted in the estates have been abolished, and the land became the property of the peasants and the state.Later, in 1963, large farms were also eliminated, and in the sugar sector started cooperation.
In the same 1959 banks and large enterprises have become the property of the state, and in 1960, the same fate befell American firms.
Since 1961 unfolded nationwide campaign to eliminate illiteracy.
Steady state was a far cry from democracy.The media have become fully supervised by the, residents began carefully checked the Committee to Protect the Revolution.
Religious organizations, including numerous Catholic churches, have lost all their possessions, the priests were mostly expelled from the country.
Relations with the US have deteriorated significantly since the revolution, and Castro has decided to actively converge with the countries of the Communist bloc - especially with the Soviet Union.In February 1960 it was signed the first agreement on the preparation of Cuba's Soviet aid.
Cuban revolution led to the fact that the country is completely changed its political system, and in the late spring of 1961 officially proclaimed itself a socialist state.
