constitutional monarchy - a form of government.In the present state of independent courts and parliament.The power of the ruler is limited by the Constitution.The characteristic features of this type of control are civil list and countersignature.
Last - the bond act ruler signed by the Minister or Head of Government.Countersignature indicates that the responsibility (both political and legal) of this act shall be the person who has to countersign.Formally, this is due to the fact that the monarch himself, as head of state, is not responsible for their actions.Countersignature introduced in the early 18th century in England.Thus it was created an effective means of limiting the royal power.Since the advent of countersignature monarchical form of government finally triumphed in England and several other countries.
Civil List referred to the amount of money that each year allocate for the maintenance of the king.The amount of payment is set on taking each king on the throne.Subsequently, the sum may be increased, but not reduced.
In accordance with the degree of limitation of royal power distinguished parliamentary and dualistic structure of governance.
In some Asian and African countries act dualistic system.This, for example, countries with a constitutional monarchy, Morocco, Jordan and others.The dualistic system is considered the initial views of the limited power of the king.Its feature is the concentration in the hands of the governor more authority.
dualistic constitutional monarchy is a historical stage in the transition from absolutism to the limited mind something of parliamentary government.
When dualistic type of control the legislature (in principle) belongs to the Parliament.His chosen subjects or certain of them (in the census suffrage).Executive power is concentrated in the hands of the king.It implements its own or directly or through the government.The judiciary is also owned by the king.However, it may be more or less independent.
With this division of power in this type of control is usually incomplete.Despite the fact that laws are passed in parliament, the king has the right to the imposition of absolute veto.This act does not allow to come into force the new laws.In addition, a constitutional monarchy dualistic assumes absolute power of the king for the publication of the decrees.Thus, the governor can take acts "extraordinary nature", the force is equal to the force of laws.
main feature of the dual system is considered the right of the king to dissolve Parliament, introducing the state absolutism.
If the structure requires a government, it is responsible for his acts only before the king.Parliament may influence the government only with the right to establish their state budget.It should be noted that this method is powerful enough feedback is applied only once a year.At the same time, coming into conflict with the government, MPs are under constant threat of dissolution of parliament.
dualistic constitutional monarchy characterized by the presence of an authoritarian political regime.State expert mode described as a compromise between the "ruling elite" and the rest of society, is still dominated by the king and his entourage.
Among the modern representatives of the dualistic type of control should be called Thailand.Its constitution stipulates that the king ascends to the throne not by law, and "in accordance with the esteemed tradition" and shall not apply any penalty.
