Value Added Tax (the most common abbreviation: VAT) of all existing taxes is one of the most complex tax payments, calculate it is not so easy.Large organizations with more commodity-money turnover for VAT calculation and have a special accountant who knows how to calculate VAT.
Paragraph 1 of Art.146 of the Tax Code says that the objects for the collection of VAT are the following aspects of the enterprise:
- sale of goods, works and services throughout the territory of Russia;
- the transfer of the goods on Russian territory for its needs, the costs of which are not accepted for subtraction in the calculation of tax on company profits;
- construction and installation works for the own needs of the enterprise;
- imports of goods in the customs area of Russia.
Art.146 of the Tax Code states that VAT payers are required to give customers and consumers established by the legislation of the invoice and be sure to keep relevant books of sales and purchases.In addition, you must be sure to maintain a record of received and issued invoices.At the base of the VAT amount included pre-payment which is received in advance for future deliveries of commodities.
Many novice accountants wondering how to calculate VAT on the advance.VAT is calculated as follows: "The amount of VAT is equal to the amount advanced, divided by 118 and multiplied by 18. If the VAT rate is 10%, the amount of VAT, respectively, equal to the amount advanced, divided by 110 and multiplied by 10".VAT in accordance with the laws of the reporting period is one calendar quarter.
How to calculate VAT
VAT is calculated by the following algorithm.From the amount of tax assessed for the quarter, it deducted the sum of all tax deductions, and the result is a VAT amount of which will need to transfer to the budget.If the sum is greater than the sum deduction of accrued taxes for the quarter, the tax shall be reduced.VAT refund is made in accordance with Art.78 of the Tax Code.For more information on how to calculate the VAT, provided in the Tax Code and other legal acts.
indicator defines the tax burden of the aggregate revenue payable to the budget.World experience shows that for the normal operation of the organization of its optimal value should be between 30 and 40% of the profits.However, given the specificity of the tax system in our country, the level of tax burden can vary from 2 to 70%.
To calculate the tax burden is necessary to draw up a list of tax rates and calculate income from sale of goods (as well as the provision of services, works) that the company received during the reporting period.Next you need to determine how to calculate the tax burden.It is the ratio of the sum of all tax payments to the amount of income received from the sale plus non-operating income.There are also tax burden absolute and relative.More accurate is the relative burden - the ratio of the absolute indicator of the tax burden to the cost of the newly established as a percentage.
Income tax takes into account the entire net profit for the year.This tax is paid by foreign and domestic companies that are profiting from their work in Russia.Calculate income tax organization easy.The subject for the collection of the tax is the net profit of the company.Therefore, for the calculation of income tax is first calculated the net profit for the entire organization of the reporting (tax) period.To do this, out of the total profit of the organization take its expenses.And then, and another - for the period.
to define exactly what is considered profit organization, it is necessary to appeal to the Tax Code.Article 248 is the definition of items of income that is subject to income tax in the Tax Code Articles 252 to 267 is a description of the costs, which can reduce the profit in the calculation of net income.
