cell - a unit of life on our planet, there is no life outside of the cell.It is therefore all the features of the activity of organisms determined on the basis of the characteristics of the cells that define the cell organelles and their functions.
Of the many properties of the cell is considered the most important: a well-defined structure, the ability to metabolize - producing metabolism and energy, the ability to respond to external stimuli: objects and phenomena.In addition, the functions of the cell organelles determine properties such as the ability to grow and develop, as well as the reproduction and restoration - regeneration.
Just as an animal or a plant consists of separate organs and systems, the cell consists of organelles.Considering the cell organelles and their functions, it is important to note the external structure of cells.Outside the "unit of life" is covered with a membrane, which serves as a dividing barrier, separating the external environment from the internal contents of the cell.The membrane has a protective function and the demarcation and receives stimuli of the environment (receptor function) and transports substances.
cell organelles, their structure and function
existence of the cell and its components would have been impossible if it had not been inside filled with a special liquid - the cytoplasm.It produces the cytoplasm transport of substances within cells like blood and lymph in the body.This creates the effect of cytoplasm cell interaction by different kinds of processes, ciliary villi.Some of these processes (such as flagella or cilia) can perform the motor function, and other growths cells to move not.
Mitochondria - one of the major cell organelles involved in the process of respiration "unity of life" and converting various forms of energy in the form that is available to the cells.In fact, the mitochondria - a power base of the cell, and therefore the amount of data organelles depends on the functions performed by the cell, and consequently on its need for energy resources.It is noteworthy that mitochondria contain their own DNA chain, wherein up to 2% concentrated DNA of the cell.
Another organelle involved in the metabolism - the ribosome.It is this element of the cell produces the protein synthesis.Importantly, the proteins are present in all human cells except erythrocytes.Ribosomes are located freely in the cytoplasm, and the process of protein synthesis associated with the phenomenon of transcription - copying the information that is written in the DNA.
cell organelles and their functions would have no meaning in nature, if in the cell nucleus was absent.This organelle is remarkable in that it contains a very important matter - the chromatin, which is the basis for the formation of chromosomes.It chromosomes transmit the genetic information of the cell during reproduction.Therefore chromatin DNA is formed and a small amount of RNA.In addition, the composition of the core part of the nucleolus - a body in which the synthesis of new ribosomes.Nucleolus dimensions vary depending on how much protein synthesis takes place in the cell.
In conclusion, considering the cell organelles and their functions, it is very difficult to identify any one "body unit of life", which could be appointed chief.Conventionally, this organelle is selected kernel as the main body of a person is considered heart.In reality, all the organelles support a variety of chemical, physical and biological processes, so that the cell is executed and a set of different functions which are combined under the general concept of life.
