Sinop sea battle is considered to be the last major battle in the era of sailing ships.It happened in 1853, November 18.
situation in the Black Sea basin has escalated in May.While Russia and Turkey were severed diplomatic relations.Russian army entered the territory of the Danubian principalities.At the same time British and French squadron arrived at the Dardanelles.
Turkey in late September, has demanded the withdrawal of Russian troops, putting the Russian ultimatum.However, without waiting for the end of his life, the beginning of military action.
squad Danube fleet in October 1853 was fired from the fortress Isaccea.On October 16 the Turkish army suddenly attacked the post of St.Nicholas, which was located between Batumi and Poti on the Black Sea coast.Thus, the sea began between Russia and Turkey military operations at sea.Under the command of
Slade (British Adviser) and Osman Pasha (Turkish Vice-Admiral) Turkish squadron followed in the area of Poti and Sukhum (Sukhumi-Kale) from Istanbul for landing.It consisted (squadron) of the two armed ships, seven frigates, two brigs, two corvettes, the sloop and had 500 guns.In Sinop Bay Turks took refuge from the storm under the protection of the thirty-eight coastal guns.
November 8 Turkish squadron was discovered squadron Nakhimov (Russian Vice Admiral) and blocked.There were three Russian battleships, 296 guns (76 bombing guns in particular), the frigate.
November 16 came to Sinop squadron FM Novosilsky consisting of three battleships and a frigate.Nakhimov, is intended to increase the Turks into the sea by the British, decided to attack them at bay.November 18 began the battle of Sinope.
Nakhimov, knowing the tricks of the Turks in advance anticipating that the enemy fire at the approach will focus not on the deck, and spars, decided to anchor without fixing the sails.All the sailors during the shelling were at the bottom.This helped saved the lives of many men, survived the combat capability of the Russian squadron in one of the most critical stages of the battle.
Russian ships broke through a strong enough defensive fire of coastal batteries and Turkish ships.Going into the bay wake two columns, they anchored at Springe.
Battle of Sinop continued a devastating fire of the Russian squadron one board at a distance of 300-350 meters 312 guns.During the battle, which lasted two and a half hours, they destroyed all coastal batteries and Turkish ships.Battle of Sinop ended with the capture of Osman Pasha, commanding two ships and two hundred prisoners.The Turks killed or wounded lost about four thousand men.
Slade (English Adviser), one of the commanders of the Turkish squadron, ignominiously fled at the height of the Battle of the twenty-gun ship "TAIF".Russian squadron Nakhimov no ship is not lost.
Battle of Sinop summed up centuries of development of sailing ships in the place where the ships started coming.In addition, the combat experience in the bay had an impact on the subsequent formation of the fleets in many states.
Battle of Sinop, the victory of the Russian squadron in it, it was a clear result applies advanced system of education and training of the Black Sea sailors, who carried out the best Russian naval commanders.That is a great skill that showed the men in the battle, there was their spirited campaigns, study, training.Thousands of soldiers, has all the qualities necessary for a complex and difficult profession sailor, who did not have sufficient knowledge in the first maritime business, acquired in the preparation and in the course of hostilities invaluable experience and their moral fighting qualities have reached a high level.
