Organic acids are natural substances with acidic properties found in its pure form in plants, as well as taking the form of salts or esters - organic compounds
In a free state such polybasic hydroxy acids found quite often in the fruit, the connection is characterized inprimarily for other elements such as plant stems, leaves, and so on.If you look at the organic acids, their list is constantly growing and is generally not closed, that is regularly updated.Already opened acids such as:
- adipic,
benzoic,
-dihloruksusnaya,
-valerianovaya,
-glikolievaya,
-glutarovaya,
citric,
-maleinovaya,
-margarinovaya,
n-butyraldehyde,
lactic,
-monohloruksusnaya,
-muravinaya,
propionic,
-salitsilovaya,
-triftoruksusnaya,
-fumarovaya,
acetic,
-schavelevaya,
-yablochnaya,
-yantarnaya and many other organic acids.
Often, these substances can be found in fruit and berry plants.For fruit plants include apricots, quince, plum, grapes, cherries, pears, citrus and apples, to the berry plants also rank cranberries, cherries, blackberries, cranberries, gooseberries, raspberries, black currants.In these basically are tartaric, citric, salicylic, oxalic, and malic acid.Berries are present as organic acids, and including a lot of benzoic acid.
Today learned many properties of acids directly into the field of pharmacology and biological effects on the human body.For example:
- firstly, organic acids - fairly significant component of metabolism (metabolism, namely proteins, fats and carbohydrates);
- secondly, cause secretory the salivary glands;contribute to acid-base balance;
- third, take part in a significant increase in the separation of bile and pancreatic juice gastric;
- and finally are antiseptics.
Their acidity ranges from as many as four hydrogen index (pH) of up to five and five.
In addition, organic acids play an important role in the food industry, acting as a direct vyyavitel quality or poor quality products.For the latter it is used very often by ion chromatography, in which a time to be found not only organic acids and inorganic ions.In the said method with conductometric detection silencing background conductivity demonstrates the result is almost ten times more accurate than detection performance at low wavelength ultraviolet radiation.
Profile Identification of organic acids in fruit juices is necessary not only to establish the quality of the drink, its admissibility for consumption, but also contributes to the definition of counterfeiting.
If we consider directly the properties already carboxylic acids, then they primarily include:
- giving red litmus paper;
- easily soluble in water;
- is there a sour taste.
carboxylic acids are also important enough electrical conductor.By the force decay everything acid group include a weak electrolytes except, naturally, the formic acid, which in turn takes the average intensity value.Height molecular weight carboxylic acid affects the power of decay and is inversely proportional relationship.With certain specific metals it is possible to allocate and hydrogen salt of acid that is much slower than the interaction with strong acids such as sulfuric or hydrochloric.Salts appear when exposed to the basic oxides and bases.
