What is manufactory?In the classic sense Manufactory - the form of industrial production, preceding the formation of large-scale machine industry.However, the term "manufacture" has many meanings.It is used to determine the particular stage of development of capitalist production and the type of capitalist enterprise.Often referred to as textiles textile factory products, decorated by machine.To identify different kinds of craft schools, factories, especially textile and weaving, also sounds the word "Manufacture".
Manufactory - is primarily manual production.This is evidenced by the term "manufacture» (manufactura), formed by the merger of two Latin words: "manus" - "hand" and "factura" - "manufacturer".The use of manual labor - one of the main characteristics that distinguish the manufactory of factories and plants, work on which is based on the manufacture of machines and conveyor.
To clarify the question "what is the manufactory", first of all, you should look at the history of its occurrence.Predecessors it were ancient ergasteria (shops), a medieval wandering the farm, craft workshops and their associations (guilds).By the end of the classical medieval guilds, which regulated craftwork, set rules, orders are distributed and controlled the quality of products, no longer correspond to the realities of the era.To create a more complete picture of what a manufactory, it is important to pay attention to the conditions of its occurrence.The need for large-scale productions appeared at a time when growing crafts and trade, accomplished geographical discoveries, to shape the market for mass production.Thus, between absolute royal power in France (XVII century.) Growing need for producing expensive products designed to meet the needs of the nobility.Major production, manufacture, resulting in large amounts in the ducal court, made furniture, tapestries, glassware, jewelry, playing cards and other luxuries.
very first in Europe manufactories is considered to be a porcelain manufactory, founded in 1710 in the castle Albrechtsburg (Meissen).Later, venture to manufacture various handicraft articles have appeared in many European cities.
What manufactory, known in Russia in XVII century.While there breech (palace) and merchant shops that have some features of manufacturing.The significant growth of the manufacturing production was observed under Peter I. At the end of XVIII - early XIX centuries were created by this type of enterprise, many of which are successfully operating today.For example, the oldest textile factory in Moscow of "Trekhgorny Manufacture".
Manufactory - is not only a stage in the development of modern industrial production.The quality of products made by craftsmen, far superior quality of factory production.A truly invaluable role in maintaining the manufacturing production art traditions in arts and crafts, for the manufacture of unique products and today is carried out by craftsmen.
