ontology as the study of the essence (being)
In modern philosophy questions of life are still the most fundamental, as in all the philosophical works written earlier.One section of philosophy - ontology - the doctrine of the essence (being), his quest.By being should understand the philosophical category that represents a whole, independent of human consciousness.Genesis has several types - public, individual and being of nature.Social being - a set of principles and laws on which society exists and develops.Individual existence is a system of principles and laws, according to which the living individual personality.It also includes an inner peace each.It belongs to the nature of being all things except man.Therefore, the ontology as a theory of being considers different aspects of it.
Man is surrounded by many objects, things that have different properties.They form the so-called outside world.People have different ways can develop an idea about the world, but they recognize that he really exists, it is his being.
philosophical concept of being is due to multiple objects with different properties, with each other and with everything else that exists in the world.Therefore, an ontology - the doctrine of the essence (being) as a single system, all components which are in a close relationship, thus creating unity and integrity.At the same time the world is discrete, it is divided, but it has a clear structure.
can say that ontology is the doctrine of the existence of a metaphysics of being, that is, scientific knowledge of the principles of being and supersensible basis.
What is included in the concept of cultural ontology
Ontology, as a special branch of philosophy, describes the universal and the universal laws.In particular, it is the ontology of culture subsection (a special object of the analysis, which is not limited to nature, society, reality, but is a space where meanings are born of being transmitted using characters and symbols).
cultural space can not be described, guided by the laws of development of society and the natural life.This space characterized by special ontological characteristics, because it is the product of human creation.Culture is one of the models of the world, which can be used to describe the structure of social relations.
Thus, the ontology of culture - a subsection of philosophy that studies the place that takes culture as a sphere of human activity in the spiritual and material aspects.
material, spiritual and artistic culture
The term "culture" should be understood set of values, both material and spiritual, how to create them, the ability to store and use them to further the development of mankind, to betray their descendants.
accepted that the ontology of culture - material, spiritual and artistic culture.The material is the subject of labor, housing, clothing, vehicles, means of production and so on.. But this kind of culture is represented not only by certain subjects, it includes knowledge, abilities and skills of the person engaged in the production process.The physical development of the person is also part of this culture.Thus, it is related to the communicative and transformative activity.
spiritual culture - it is art, religion, education, science and the level of its achievements in the implementation of life and production, traditions, customs, rituals, medicine, development needs and interests of people in the material and spiritual planes.It is also possible to include the relationship between people and the relation of man to himself and nature, developing in the process of activity.Therefore, it can be argued that the spiritual culture combines various activities - communicative, cognitive, value-oriented, transformative.
Art culture - a world of art, which are peculiar to the interaction with the community and other forms of culture.This kind of culture is the product of human art.Artistic culture is in close relationship with all kinds of art.It includes the following components: art criticism, artistic production, art critic, "consumption" of art (listeners, viewers).These components are formed and developed around its center - art.
Thus, the ontology of culture - it is a branch of philosophy, discusses issues related to the fundamental principles of existence of culture, scientific and theoretical problems of its essence.
