Psychology accumulation of scientific data using a set of special techniques.For this science it is extremely important that the way in which the knowledge obtained.L.Vygotsky believed that the facts obtained by various cognitive principles are totally different facts.
Facts obtained in the empirical study determined the influence of research schemes, hypotheses, existing knowledge about the object under study and other factors.Therefore methodology and techniques of psychological research are one of the most important and debated issues of psychology as a science.
methods of psychological research - is exploring ways to study and mental characteristics of different people, analyzing and processing information gathered psychological as well as more scientific research findings on the basis of facts.The methods used to solve specific research problems in the field of psychology.
main methods of psychological research - an experiment and observation.Each of these techniques serves specific forms and is characterized by different subspecies and features.
psychological research methods aimed at disclosing the features of laws, mechanisms of the psyche of individuals and social groups, as well as a similar study of mental processes and phenomena.Each method has its own features, but also has certain limitations.These features need to be taken into account in practice, professional and other activities.
Studies in psychology have focused on obtaining objective results, the true knowledge about the specific capabilities of the psyche.This requires the development of specific methods and techniques of professional psychology and psychological research and the study of man.
methods of psychological research can be classified.In this issue distinguish different approaches.For example, B. Ananiev distinguishes between the following groups of research methods in psychology.
Organizational - include a comparative analysis (comparison test on certain criteria: type of activity, age, etc.), a longitudinal method of (long-term study of the phenomenon), complex (in the survey involved representatives of different sciences, different means of studying).
empirical - is the collection of primary data.They emit observational techniques (which are understood observation and introspection.
experiments - methods, including field, laboratory, natural forming, and they say the study.
Psychodiagnostic - test methods, which are divided into tests projective, standardized, conversationinterviews, questionnaires, sociometry, pollsters and others.
Praksimetricheskie - methods of analysis of phenomena, the products of activity of the psyche, such as chronometer biographical method; professiogram, tsiklografiya, product evaluation activities; modeling.
methods of data processing, which include quantitative(statistical) and qualitative (analysis and differentiation of materials by groups), they allow us to establish patterns that are hidden from direct perception.
interpretive methods involve individual techniques explaining dependencies and patterns, detected by statistical processing of data and their comparison with the already known facts.These include typology, genetic method, structure, psychography, psychological profile.
principles of psychological research : undiminished subjects competence, impartiality, confidentiality, informed consent.
