organizing production, institution, company, any entrepreneur, the head usually uses the rule: to invest in the business at least, to get the maximum from it all.But without a cost, to be more precise, without the cost of production, species of which we will discuss in this article, can not do nothing.
At different times in different countries, economists classify these costs on its model.The most popular of them in the twentieth century was the concept of Karl Marx.He divided the cost of production, the types of them, to be more precise, in the treatment and production.The latter includes the cost of purchase of raw materials, energy costs, and the payment of wages.The first was carried in all the costs associated with product sales.
contemporary reality has made their adjustments.And at the heart of economic analysis to date, the cost of production, types of structure differ in a large number and a form with the contents.Thus, the costs are generally combined into one large group.It is called - total costs.They include a two subgroups: fixed and variable.
Essence and types of production costs explain, since fixed costs.So, any company bears the cost of maintenance, rent, repair of buildings, structures and buildings.This is not the only constant factor.Interest loans, the content protection state or the payment of the contract for such a service, purchase and maintenance of equipment - all this should also be included in the sum of costs.
The main types of production costs and include such species as the variable costs.The latter depends on the volume of production and include raw materials, wages of workers, the costs for energy carriers and the like.
order for an economic analysis of the enterprise was carried out accurately and thoroughly, adopted conclusions average.In a rather simple formula calculated:
- average fixed costs.For this index must be found between the total private fixed costs and the number of products.
- average variable costs.The algorithm for calculating the same, changing only the variable costs.
But economic analysis does not end with the above calculations.An important characteristic of it is the maximum level of profit.For its calculation requires the conclusion the best performance of the enterprise.That is, the calculation of the maximum amount of products manufactured in a given period.There is such a thing as the marginal cost of production, species of which are different from the above.It sverhzatraty being laid on the issue of the additional products.
production costs, types of them, calculated in Russia and in the West by different techniques.The fact is that the legacy of the Soviet Union the Russian Federation inherited the concept of cost, which largely include not only the costs associated with the main output, and above-standard.Western economists spread the additional costs on the grounds of the main types of costs.
