Base Tver - is one of the most controversial moments of Russian history.Most historians lean about one historical period (end XII- beginning of the XIII century), but each researcher's own point of view.
official founding date of Tver
Each city for the convenience of the celebration of the anniversary of the official founding date is.The birth city of Tver is officially in 1135.In a literary work of Vsevolod Mstislavovitch "handwriting" first mention about it dates back to Tver this time.What points are questionable?Firstly, there is no exact mention of the city of Tver, because we are talking about cash taxes, which brought "Tver guest."In this case, it can be carried out, perhaps not about the city in the truest sense of the word, and about a settlement, which was later transformed into the city of Tver.
Second, the "handwriting" does not refer to the number of historical science chronicle sources.This work is more like an ordinary prose, written in ancient language.It is not typical for the text chronicles breakdown by year, and the narrative is interspersed.By all indications, "handwriting" is not classified chronicles, so completely trust this source is not necessary.
whether Tver transfer from one place to another?
In the first third of the XX century there was another version that explains the basis of Tver.The fact that historians admitted: may present place of dislocation of the city - not the first and the second.Very original version, but it existed.As the scientists explain their views?Approximately in the same area two rivers - Tvertsa and Tmaka.These early excavations that were carried out in those years, which suggests that the first (Tver) was located at the confluence of Tvertsa in the great Russian river Volga.Allegedly, during the second half of the XIII century Tver relocated to the Cape, which was formed at the confluence of the Volga river Tmaka.Version, of course, interesting, but assuming its reality, in this case, is to talk about the disappearance of the city and the emergence of another of the same name.In the 1930s, were re-archaeological site, which resulted in this version has been completely rejected as untenable.
th 1181 - the year of foundation of Tver
We have repeatedly stressed that the historical literature and sources there are several versions about the appearance of the city of Tver.Let's look at one of them.Famous Russian historian Vasily Tatishchev in his "History" suggested that the foundation happened in Tver in 1181.He found in the chronicle of information sources that this is the year the troops of Prince Vsevolod III defeated the city of Torzhok.Moving at some distance from the city, the prince ordered his men to build a solid.Translated from the ancient Russian means "fortress".Based on the consonance of names firmly and Tver, the foundation of the city in 1181 is to recognize the very real.According to other historians who are engaged in specific research of the past of the Tver region, the actual construction did not begin in 1181, and in 1182.By the way, if we talk about the consonance of names, not all researchers agree that the word "Tver" comes from the name "solid".
The first documents that mention Tver
Based on the evidence base, the authenticity of which could not be questioned, the base of Tver is attributed to the beginning of the XIII century.For example, pay attention to a document from 1208 - the contract between the prince Vladislav III and the residents of the city of Novgorod.Prince greatly oppressed the locals.He robbed people of Novgorod, uchinyali all obstacles, collecting huge taxes.
Novgorod Residents urged to protect their well-known Prince Mstislav removed.Vicar of the city, Svyatoslav, Vsevolod's son, was put into custody, and the Novgorod troops dispatched to defend the honor of their city.Towards the army also came from Vsevolod, but the battle did not take place as such because in both camps there were reasonable people.When meeting troops near Tver peace treaty was concluded.By the way, not only on the source it can be considered that the date of the founding of Tver - is roughly the beginning of the XIII century.In the Tver Kremlin during studies conducted in 1983 and in 1985, it was found birchbark manuscripts, written approximately in 1200-1220 years.
