morphemics exploring significant part of the word, such as root, suffix, prefix ending.In Russian language in the word can not be any one of these components, except for the root.He is the main carrier of lexical meaning.The remaining part of the word merely make him or express grammatical meaning.A special place in this list is the ending, which is not necessary for independent words.
Independent words ending
parts of speech of the Russian language and are divided into separate offices.The latter include associations, prepositions, particles and interjections.They do not have lexical meaning, and serve only as a supplement to a value independent of words or to link them in a phrase, a sentence.Therefore, they are not constant and endings.
independent parts of speech are made up of these morphemes, which may change, expressing belonging to a particular grammatical category.Most often it is the end.
Almost all have a meaningful token of his.The simplest structure of the words: + the root.The root is almost always a constant.The exceptions are only complex language processes such as the alternation of sounds.The end is always changing.
role in the end of the word
End - the minimum significant part of the word, expressing grammatical meaning and serves to link the words together.A meaningful words ending can vary on cases, parties, gender, number, and other grammatical categories.This ensures grammatically correct combinations in phrases and sentences.
end position in the word - the absolute end.However, in the Russian language has a verb suffix Xia, which is located only at the end of the word.Therefore, the end may be in front of him.But this is an exception to the rule.
To highlight the end, it is necessary to persuade a word in any of the known grammatical categories.For example, a change in the number shows how the sound will change: dog - a dog, green - green, it - they .As you can see, all these words last letter (sound morpheme) has changed.This will be the end.
Constant
a meaningful word in the Russian language there is a meaningful word without end.Examples of these are known to many: high taxi sing .This is a meaningful part of the speech, but because of the historical circumstances and grammatical features they do not change, and hence do not need endings.Grammatically connectability for these words are the excuses.
expression of gender, number, case in these words is determined by depending on them.For example: green-eyed taxi - the last word neuter singular.This is evident from an adjective, which is also stored in this form.
Unfortunately, not everyone knows what words without end in the Russian language.It nouns borrowed from other languages: kangaroos, coats, Mississippi .Verbal infinitives not have endings: sing, dance, tumble .Adverbs are the words of a meaningful unchanged: high, hot, fast .The last sound -o often referred to as the end, but it is typical of adverbs suffix.
A special form of the verb - adverbial - also has no end, because it has absorbed some grammatical features of adverbs: reading fleeing .
zero ending
also in Russian language there are words without end, examples of which actually have the ending: horse, table, door, night .It appears when you change the number or mortality: horse - horses - horse - horses, a table - table - table - tables, night - night, the door - the door .
This phenomenon is called a null-terminated Philology.In the initial form, it has no physical expression.At the end of the Old Slavonic language is expressed using the letters b, which is not read, but pointed out that this word can change: stol, pol .Over time, this letter has been lost, but in the end these words no longer physically present.
So you should be careful in defining the morpheme full-meaning words.
Words of foreign origin
language interaction - fixed part of the process of lexical enrichment.Depending on the time of borrowing words and activity of its use, it can be very fit into the grammatical system or not.For a long time many loanwords already perceived by native speakers as native: mast, accountant, telephone .
There are also a number of tokens, which have been unable to become a full part of the language: taxi, subway, kangaroos, coats, coffee .
In these words there at the end of the vowel sound that is perceived by many as a variable part.In fact it is a word without end, examples of which we encounter every day.
therefore grammatically incorrect to say: conversation over kofem, woman with a coat, come on the meter, two taxi .Grammatical justification for such changes in the Russian language yet.Perhaps in time they become full variable words, but at the moment the development of language, they are only in one form.
Infinitives
On the question of whether there are words without endings in the Russian language, each scholar will answer in the affirmative.Indeed, the family of tokens as there are many that do not change and, therefore, do not have a number of grammatical categories.
is primarily infinitives.The system of verbal forms of the Russian language is quite extensive and diverse.The fact that these forms may exist as a separate part of speech, while possessing the main feature - indicate action.
Infinitives - this is the initial form of the verb.Their main task - to carry the lexical meaning: the action as such, without reference to identity, time and method of its implementation ( read, write, run, sing ).
In this form, they can speak in sentences in verbal as well as in the noun.If at the end there is an infinitive, it becomes a personal verb or a participle.
Another unchanging form of verbs - gerund - indicates the process of performing an action and not form the end, and the characteristic of this part of the speech suffix.
adverb adverb never acted as a changing part of speech.These are the words without end, examples of which indicate that the bond can be in phrases and grammatical category unchanged.
role of adverbs in the language - indicate additional circumstances the action.Although they have a lexical meaning, in fact, a complete lack of independence.
example, " slowly" or " quickly" talk about pace of implementation of any action.But without a verb it is not clear what is at stake.The same applies to any other dialect.Therefore
wealth of grammatical categories like the verb or a noun, it is not, and is not required.After all, the basic meaning and expresses the lexical meaning of the suffix characteristic dialect.
own foreign-language titles
Among the unchanging words, and hence no end, belongs to the majority of foreign proper names: Rio de Janeiro, Mississippi, "Peugeot" .These words poorly allocated prefix, root, ending suffix.
reason for this - a feature of a foreign language.Some things seem to the uninitiated person is quite similar to the Russian language, although in reality we are faced with interlingual homonymy on the level of specific morphemes.
course, there are a whole array of similar words that come into our language and become part of its grammatical system: Sahara - Sahara, Andes - in the Andes, the Rhine - Rhine .But at the end of such tokens exclusively Russian and have no relation to the native languages of those words.
morphological wealth
philology knows a lot of words without endings, examples of which are used in everyday speech, all native speakers.The possibility of the existence of these tokens provide a wealth of morpheme and grammatical meanings.
not only the end can change the shape of the word, but suffixes.In addition, more often observed when the end of one word stands pointer grammatical categories in the second.That is the key word requires dependent it is of the form, which is peculiar and himself: a gray coat, a gray coat, a gray coat, a gray coat.
The same in English most of the words without any endings, and grammatical categories are expressed using the pretext that causes severe difficulty in studying people-carriers Slavic languages, which are quite developed paradigm endings, indicating some form of the word.
