head - two zones of occupation - from the book "enslavement."
June 22, 1941, German troops invaded the Soviet Union.Lightning defeated the Red Army and also lightning moved inland.This defeat did not occur as a result of the decisive battle or several decisive battles, and as a result bring huge masses of Soviet troops in helpless condition - enclosing them in a giant "pots" in which they were condemned to death together in such a huge number of troops and military equipment,are far superior enemy forces.This is similar to the situation when a giant mammoth hit the pit, he appeared absolutely helpless and defenseless before the ancient hunters, to seek giant stones and spears, while the huge force, terrible and powerful trunk tusks unhappy were useless.Manpower Soviet army in a short time longer, as such, exist.Part of the personnel died.Part was captured.Some voluntarily defected to the enemy.The German army occupied the vast territory west of the USSR.Some civilians waiting for the arrival of the Germans.The main part - passively.Some people, however, is quite active.In the book, the military historian ABShirokorad "tank warfare on the eastern front," p.98-99 we read: "June 24 ... 32 th motorized regiment heading to the city, where he was to replace the 8th Motorized Regiment, carried the garrisons in the city."As early as the third day there is a war with the invading enemy.In the South-west front heavy fighting in which our forces can not defeat the enemy, and it is closely our troops.And then a motorized regiment stands around the city, carrying the garrison !?It would seem, why?Yes, then, that the Ukrainian nationalists in arms attack Soviet troops.
And further given episode: "32th Panzer Division, to move in the afternoon on June 24 from the east through the streets of Lviv, faced with columns of Soviet mechanized corps, which was moving towards.Corks were created that benefited from local nationalists, incessantly bombard Soviet troops from rooftops and attics.From 13 to 24 hours on June 24 in the city were the real street fights with small and sometimes artillery weapons.The nationalists broke into the city jail and released all the prisoners out of it, then broke the connection city headquarters of the 6th Army with the staff front, raised panic among the urban population and a part of the army rear services. "This clearly demonstrates the rejection of that part of the population of the Soviet regime.One part of the population of the Soviet empire - the Red Army of the Empire, if this is not an episode of continuing civil war, waged by the Bolsheviks in 1918 against his own people, then - what is it?
This material has repeatedly emphasized that the communist regime has never stopped a civil war against its own people, the Bolsheviks waged for more than twenty years ago.This war took different forms of its manifestation: the active side of the Soviet power, and mainly from the passive masses.Just a decade ago, she broke out with renewed vigor.Historians note: "Decree on Land, which proclaimed that" landlord ownership of land is abolished forthwith without any compensation ", is limited, in fact, the legalization of unauthorized seizure of land from the landlords and kulaks, which was carried out in the villages since the summer of 1917.Temporarily "glued" to the self-peasant revolution, as they facilitate the path to power, the Bolsheviks returned to the program twelve years later.Forced collectivization of the village, was the culmination of a struggle between the victors and the peasantry in October, was a tragic resolution of disputes in 1917 ".(Black Book of Communism. The crimes, terror, repression. 95 million victims. Stephane Courtois, Nicolas Werth, Jean-Louis Panne, Andrzej Pachkovsky Karel Bartoshek, Jean-Louis Margolev. M. "Three Centuries of History". 2001. P.77).
Forced collectivization of vast masses of the peasantry, its accompanying large-scale famine, caused millions of victims, relatives and friends who are now, during the war, had to fight for the power of the Bolsheviks.Naturally, civil strife continued, now in war, just taking different forms, ranging from avoidance of military fighting and putting their huge masses of prisoners, ignoring appeals Stalin's rise to the "nation-wide guerrilla war" to an armed attack on the opponent's side against the Soviets.
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«Part" of the population was "popular guerrilla movement."This part is so small that it is taken in quotes.Official reports that in 1941 took part in the partisan movement of 90 thousand people. (240).A lot or a little?As is known in the occupation fell 74, 5 million people are civilians, 90 thousand of this amount is 0.12%, which is categorized as "popular guerrilla movement" is clearly not the case.Meanwhile, the German army stood at the gates of the capital of our Motherland - Moscow, and some people even "did not move."Despite Stalin's "compulsion", as well as appeals, and in 1942 the population occupied territory to the guerrillas are not rushed.In this 1942 guerrillas it increased by only 35 thousand.(241).
35,000 - the figure is not great, but it is doubtful, because after Stalin's order "On the scorched earth", unlikely people would be filed in the forest partisans.Unless necessarily, be "homeless" had nowhere to go ...
A closer look reveals that these 90 thousand (in 1941), increased to 125 thousand (in 1942), not all the partisans of the occupied population.In the "Soviet Military Encyclopedia" says: "Brinsky Anton Petrovich ... ... since the beginning of the war in action.Army - Commissioner (emphasis mine - VC) infantry battalion.Once in the environment, the battalion under the leadership of Boris moved to the guerrilla methods of struggle. "Or - in November 1943 Tank Brigade Lieutenant Colonel DADragoon was in the ring."Suggests two solutions: either the same night to go into the forest, to remove weapons from tanks to join the partisans ... or ... to break the encirclement and withdraw to its ...." (242).Or - the commander of the 48th Armored Division, Colonel Yakovlev said the commander of the tank battalion Vovchenko "Your battalion has to take great Luke ... If you do not take the Great Luke, the division should become a partisan unit."It was in July 1941. (243).
Or - that's about the Third Army of the Western Front, which is surrounded by the Germans at the end of June 1941 near Minsk."Subsequently, most of the troops of the army fought out of the environment, and some parts of it remained in the rear, etc. Single and conducted guerrilla actions."(Soviet Military Encyclopedia. Moscow. Military Publishing. 1980. 8. T. S. 106).
headquarters of Army Group "Center" reported to June 29, 1941 the Chief Command of the Army, in the forests wandering remnants of the defeated Soviet troops and armed whole battalions, representing a danger for the German troops.(V. Beshanov. Tank Mayhem 1941, pp. 251)
If in 1943 continued to fall into the "boilers" of the Red Army, then in previous years, such "boilers" got a lot of divisions, armies and even entire fronts.Rushes to his few remaining were killed, taken prisoner, or under the supervision of the commissioners (they knew that if they capture the Germans commissars were shot on the spot, if not ahead of the Germans in this matter themselves the Red Army), went into the forest partisans.Most likely, that these last contingents were the basis of "a nationwide guerrilla movement."
In addition, "partisans" thousands were thrown to the front line to the rear of the Germans as part of reconnaissance and sabotage units and groups.Thus, the operational training center, established in late 1941 at the headquarters of the Central Front, prepared and thrown into the rear of the enemy more than four thousand different specialists: demolition, radio operators, scouts and others.It is the work of only one of the front and only four months.(244).
This material is an attempt to show the fact that, firstly, the guerrilla movement was not popular, and secondly, guerrilla warfare waged largely defeated remnants of the Red Army.But even the latter was surprisingly little!Why little?From the Soviet military historiography known that with the beginning of the expulsion of the Germans from the occupied western regions of the USSR in 1943-1944, was again called into the Red Army about one million former Soviet military personnel.It is precisely the "remnants" of the defeated Soviet troops.They are - soldiers of the Red Army, to swear allegiance to the socialist homeland and protect their comrade Stalin, did not want to even go to the guerrillas, despite the calls of the leader!These should be added another 500,000 mobilized, who did not enroll in the Red Army, and they were also in the occupied territories and the Germans were in occupation.(Great Patriotic War. Without secrecy. Moscow. "Veche". 2009. P. 41).They also did not want to go to the guerrillas, despite calls by the Soviet leader.
If we mobilized the military and did not want to go to the guerrillas, then - what about the civilian population ?!Who, more importantly, how to work effectively dozens of underground regional and hundreds of district committees in German-occupied territory ... ?!
In the book "A story about honor miner" s.145 wrote: "In the early days of the war ... Donetsk Komsomol youth organized a special detachment of miners and asked to send them to the front line to the west of Ukraine in the space occupied by the enemy ... Please miners was satisfied."Alas, it is simply stated: "... Donetsk Komsomol youth organized a special detachment of mining."Although the group "special", "Komsomol" his number is not specified.There are fundamental aspects concerning the people's patriotic guerrilla movement.If you take this "special" squad, but he organized the Young Communist League in German-occupied territory, and the territory, which ruled the communist Soviet regime.It is clear that in this area of the Soviet patriotism initiated by party organs.But patriotism is not seen by the Germans occupied population.Because not occupied by the Germans of the population is also only Komsomol.In the "Soviet Military Encyclopedia."Military Publishing.USSR Ministry of Defense.T. 1978. 6. P. 230-231 provides: "Based on the instructions of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) on the scope of influence of the party of all links of the guerrilla movement, the Party committees have done a great job of making clandestine bodies and primary Party organizations.Already in 1941 the struggle of the Soviet people in the rear of the enemy led by 18 regional committees, over 260 district commissions, city, district and other clandestine agencies, a large number of primary part.organizatsy and groups in which there were about 65.5 million communists ... there were more than 2 thousand partisan detachments,total of more than 90 thousand people ... Just a few years into the war, there were more than 6,200 guerrilla units and underground groups, which fought over 1 million partisans and underground fighters from among all the peoples of the USSR. "Also in the Soviet military historiography it states that in 1942 the number of guerrillas increased by 35 thousand people.(Hereinafter - underlined by me - VC).
Fluently analyze the above official figures.
- 1. In 1941, a total of partisans and underground fighters was 90 thousand people, of which 65.5 million were members of the Communist Party.Since the Young Communist League is a reserve and the assistant of the Communist Party, the other about 25 thousand partisans and underground fighters basically have to be members of the Komsomol.But even if you do not take into account the Komsomol, anyway - where is the people's patriotism?There is no national patriotism in the partisan movement in the occupied territory.You can talk about the communist guerrilla and the clandestine resistance.(The scale of it is not conducting).But this is purely a party initiative and purely party movement.
- 2. Next.In Soviet historiography it says that in 1941 in the partisan and underground movement involved 90 thousand people.In 1942, the movement has increased by 35 thousand people.During the years 1943-1944 data on the number of the partisans do not find, just in Soviet historiography is placed before the reader the fact that the "the war in the partisan movement involving more than 1 million people."This is a very strange patriotic phenomenon: when the socialist motherland was in mortal danger, and foreign invaders came to Moscow, the population in the rear of the enemy did not rise to a popular guerrilla movement, and in 1942, when the Red Army suffered a series of crushing defeats, it also showed passivity.But when, in 1943-1944, the Red Army began the process of expulsion of the enemy, the guerrilla movement has increased dramatically.
The above information is taken from and thoroughly censored CPSU official Soviet historiography, and not from the Office of Martin Bormann.
In the author's interpretation of the causes of the strangeness of patriotism in the guerrilla movement in the first and subsequent years of the war (briefly) are as follows:
A) A significant part of the population, fell under German occupation, welcomed the arrival of the Germans as liberators from the communist tyranny.But, despite the opposition of the commanders of the army groups implementing Nazi "racial policies" with respect to the occupied population, such a policy is not only held, but more likely, over the years has intensified.Such as the commander of Army Group F. Bock, G. Rundstedt, who were loyal to the people, Hitler was simply dismissed.(As well as others).Since 1942, Hitler took his powers of Commander, to usurp power in the Wehrmacht.One can reasonably assume that initially recoiled from Stalin occupied population, as of the Nazi "race program", recoiled from the disappointment and the Germans.
B).In addition, the Red Army began to have on the German army strong pressure, led to grandiose Stalingrad victory, not only shook Hitler's Wehrmacht, the German people, but also to show the world, including the occupied population that the Red Army can really win the war.It has to be expected.Population dreaded brutal, repressive policies of Stalin - it's one of the reasons for increasing the activity of the guerrilla movement in 1943-1944.
But then in 1941 ... One can reasonably say that the Soviet population of German-occupied territories of the Soviet Union, did not show socialist patriotism and made mass popular movement of resistance to the most crisis years, despite the fact that the socialist motherland and the Communist regime were in mortalhazard.But the 74 millionth population, released to the German occupation, passively.The Germans already near Moscow, the army crushed, battered remnants of retreating.
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This pattern - a sharp contrast with really occurred patriotism of the army and people of the invasion in 1812, Napoleon's army in Russia.Then, in connection with the retreat of the Russian army without a fight mass of the soldiers was on the verge of revolt - Russian soldiers believed that the decisive battle is not due to infidelity, and even directly accused the military leadership.All were eager to fight, regardless of the risk of death.Militia, the guerrilla movement is truly a manifestation of people's patriotism, without any party instructions "from above".
In his book "Heroes and battle", h. 2, p.283 author KKAbaza is written: "... Following the Smolensk province rose Kaluga, Moscow, Vladimir and Tver.In these places, the exploits of rural guerrillas were more difficult because you have to deal with the enemy stronger, better armed and bold.And because farmers here work together: the oath was given an entire village to destroy the French and firmly stand for each other.The slightest obsequiousness French was considered a betrayal. "
What a contrast compared to the Soviet population, which sometimes do not even let into their homes retreating Red Army!Sometimes, we went to meet the Germans with bread - salt.Many military units to surrender entirely, often pre commissioners shot down;sometimes a whole regiment, and even with the orchestra over to the Germans.According to the concepts of the Communists is a betrayal, but in fact is still ongoing episodes of the civil war unleashed by the Bolsheviks against its own people 20 years ago and never stopped.Moscow.Moscow.
