Each of us is unique.We all see the same picture, but perceive them differently.Next to us there are people who can not see the same thing we are.All the matter in a different perception of color.Color Blindness (violation of color) - a phenomenon that has always aroused great interest.Who are color-blind?What colors are confused?Let's look at this issue.
blindness - what is it?
blindness - is blurred vision associated with an abnormal perception of the primary colors.One or more.Some people, when confronted with the phenomenon of color blindness, fear further deterioration of health.This should not worry.Colorblind can have keen eyesight, and a different perception of colors has almost no effect on quality of life.
majority of blindness - are men.The fact is that boys get genetically altered X chromosome from the mother.Girls will be able to buy the same color blindness only if both parents have the gene ill.
mechanism of color perception based on the presence of color-sensitive receptors - nerve cells.Repeated increase they look elongated cylinders, so called cones.These receptors contain three types of light-sensitive pigments:
- Hlorolab - has a maximum sensitivity to the yellow-green range of colors.
- Eritrolab - susceptible to yellow-red spectrum.
- rhodopsin - has a high sensitivity in the blue range, and is also responsible for color perception in low light (night vision).
If one or more pigments, for whatever reason, do not perform their function in humans manifests blindness.From which of the pigments "out of order", it depends what colors are confused colorblind.
Causes of distorted color perception
Causes of color perception may be different.They are divided into two groups.
The most common cases of so-called primary (hereditary) color blindness.When a person is born with a defect on the X chromosome, not allowing him to distinguish colors.
Secondary (acquired) blindness.It can be found in a healthy person at any age.The reasons for its occurrence can be:
- CNS disorders;
- disease of the optic nerve or retina;
- eye injury;
- taking certain medications.
types of color blindness
So what colors are confused colorblind, detects the presence of different types of color blindness.
Trihromaziya - the first type.It manifests itself in a weakened perception of the primary colors.In fact, a person sees both red and blue, and green, but they are perceived by them dimmer than it actually is.
Dihromaziey called the second type of the disease.People who are color blind in this form, do not accept one of the primary colors.Depending on what kind of color do not distinguish color-blind, this type of violation can be divided into subtypes: Protanopia - inability to see red, deuteranopia - the lack of ability to see green, and if the person does not see the blue, comes Tritanopia.Tritanopia is extremely rare and is also accompanied by blindness - the inability to see at dusk.
monochromacy - the third and last type of color blindness.Those who have observed such a violation, are not able to perceive color, that is, see the world in black and white colors.Fortunately, suffering monochromacy not so much.
Restrictions for color-blind society
No matter what color they see the world and what shades of color-blind, they are confused, they all need some specific skills to adapt to modern society.
People with impaired color sensation can not get a driver's license, if they reside in Turkey or Romania.In Russia the right to receive it is possible, but only a category A or B. It is not possible to operate the driver of a vehicle carrying people or valuable loads.Getting a job, doctors, pilots, sailors, chemists, drivers necessarily tested view on color perception by using special tables.And rightly so, because their professional activity is connected with the responsibility for the lives of others.
treated any color blindness?
blindness can not be disinfected.On the part of the doctors trying to influence color perception of patients is still being made, though, and do not bring tangible results.
Since color blindness - often congenital pathology of view, parents need as early as possible to identify its presence in children and to determine what colors are confused colorblind-children.This can be done by means of simple experiments in the form of a game.If it so happens that crumbs will emerge blindness, do not panic.We need to teach your child basic things: to cross the road at the traffic lights, independently combine clothes.The most important task is to help the child adequately take yourself and your feature and prevent the development of his complexes.
Regardless of what colors are confused color-blind, they are full-fledged members of society, with its unique worldview.Remember that color blindness can not get in the way of personal fulfillment.
