Education eukaryotic cell is the second in importance (after the appearance of life itself) an evolutionary event.The main and fundamental difference between eukaryotes from prokaryotic organisms is the presence of an improved system of the genome.The emergence and development of the cell nucleus, sharply increased the degree of adaptability of unicellular organisms to regularly changing conditions and the ability to adapt quickly without making any substantial changes to the hereditary genetic system.
eukaryotic cell, the cytoplasm of which is an area of active metabolic processes, safely separated from the storage area, reading and replication of genetic information, was able to further biological evolution.This landmark and crucial evolutionary event, according to scientists, occurred within 2.6 billion. Years ago, at the intersection of two geological landmarks - Archean and Proterozoic.
growth adaptability and sustainability of biological structures is a prerequisite for full biological evolution.That is their high capacity for adaptation eukaryotic cell was able to evolve into multicellular organisms with complex structural organization.Indeed, in multicellular biological systems are cells with the same genome, adapting to changing conditions, form a completely different, both in their morphological properties and functionality, tissue.This is a great victory for evolution of eukaryotes, which led to the emergence of such a huge diversity of life forms on the planet, and access to the arena of human evolution.
structure of the eukaryotic cell type has a few features not typical of prokaryotes.Eukaryotic cells contain a large amount of genetic material (90%), which is concentrated in the chromosome structure, which ensures their differentiation and specialization.Any eukaryotic cell is characterized by a separate core.This is the main distinguishing feature of this type of cells.Another important difference from prokaryotes are organelles of the eukaryotic cell - constant and diverse intracellular structures.
eukaryotic cells compared with prokaryotic has a complex multistage system of perception of various substances.In nature there are some typical eukaryotic cells such as universal.All of them are characterized by incredible diversity that is due to the necessity of evolutionary adaptation.A very important feature of eukaryotes is their inherent compartmentalization - localization of all biochemical processes in individual cellular compartments, separated by intracellular membrane.Eukaryotes have a number of complex structural components.Such as the membrane system;cytoplasmic matrix, which is the main intracellular substance;cellular organelle - the main functional components of eukaryotes.
