cars are units of rolling stock designed for the transportation of people or cargo transportation.In this regard, they are divided into cargo and passenger.In addition to rail, there are passenger cars designed for subways.Each species is represented by the several types and models that provide different conditions of carriage.
Passenger cars on trains Railways
for transporting people are passenger cars.Types of cars here are the following: general (sessile class 1 and 2), seats, coupe, NE (Suite) and Premium (VIP), and should specify the dining car, luggage and mail.In addition, there are several categories that indicate the presence of certain advantages.And, of course, may be different service class.
cars without beds
consider more directly carrying passengers cars.The types depend on the carriages creates conditions therein.Sedentary equipped with chairs arranged in rows with a passage in the middle, which makes the interior look like an airplane.The commuter can be installed hard chair in mezhoblasnom - soft.In the first class of only 10 seats, more spacious and more services available than in business or economy class, which can be 43-68 seats.
total car - a second-class, but the people in it go for the three sitting at the bottom of each shelf, the top is simply not used or non-existent.Sedentary and overall while uncomfortable for long trips.Other types of passenger cars provide sleeping space, so more suitable for such purposes.
cars with berths
second-class passenger car further stipulates open passenger compartments from one side of the bottom two and top two places, but rather through the passage also 2 side (also the top and bottom).Under the lower seats provide space for luggage.There are two folding tables - in the open compartments and side areas.
compartment cars are divided into 9 4-bed compartments with sliding doors that can be locked.Each compartment has a pair of upper and lower beds, luggage under the bottom places, folding table and radio.Also it provides linens and towels.Additionally, it can be provided air-conditioning.Soft cars - it's the same Compartment, but more comfortable and convenient.
sleeper superior comfort
CB (or passenger car "Lux") is also divided into 9 compartments, with two beds, usually lower.The rest of the equipment is similar to a conventional coupe, but offers more comfort.Be sure to have air conditioning.
premium cars are divided into 4-5 large coupe with a different plan, furnished for a comfortable journey.For example, they can be a sofa bed or a double bed.It often includes not only storage space and a table, and a chair, toilets, shower, air conditioning, wardrobe, TV, DVD and WiFi.In one of the compartments can also be a lounge bar.Sometimes one shower for the whole car.A number of additional services included in the price: linen, newspapers, snacks and drinks, as well as toiletries.Calculated compartments for 1-2 people, but in any case acquired a whole compartment, without make another.
Freight wagons Freight trains are designed for rail freight.As can be transported a variety of products and substances that are selected according to the nature of the goods and cars.Types carriages characterize basic properties and features are realized in specific models.Different types and models are designed each for certain categories of goods, have different body structure, different methods of loading and unloading, provide some degree of safety.
main types of freight wagons Wagons
differ both appearance and its characteristics and capabilities.Among the most popular are the following types of wagons: covered, open wagons, platforms, tanks, hoppers, insulated and refrigerated, vacuum flasks.They may differ form the linear dimensions, volume, floor space, load capacity and weight of the container.
most simple cars
Boxcars structurally consist of a frame with the floor, perimeter walls and roof.For loading and unloading door provided in the side walls.They allow you to carry cargo, protecting them from rain and other adverse external influences.This wagon can carry both general cargo and grain, cars and even animals.Typically, capacity is 25-72 tons.
Gondola consist of a frame with the floor and walls, but no roof.Often they carry minerals, metals and timber.Designed for the transportation of bulk cargo gondola may have additional hatches in the floor or walls to facilitate unloading.Download from the top.Protection from rain is usually not, but there are options with a removable roof.Four-carry 22-75 tons and eight-providing capacity 69-130 tons.
Platform designed for the transport of containers, long goods, hardware, machinery, equipment, machinery, timber and bulk cargo, which need not be protected fromatmsfernyh precipitation.Load capacity reaches 70-73 tonnes.
cars under specific loads
Tanks - a few specific cars.Types carriages outwardly sometimes similar, but the data are likely to have a cylindrical shape with one or more top hatches.They have a high integrity, as they are transported liquid cargo and powdery substances and liquefied gases.In addition, the tank can be equipped with thermal insulation coating, or even equipment for heating load, and control special devices are installed.Have a four-load 60-65 tons and carrying up to eight-120-125 tons.
Hoppers - cars special shape, wider at the top and slightly tapered bottom, intended for bulk goods such as grains, fertilizers, cement, ore, coal andetc.Below they are equipped with a hatch, and contributes to self discharge form.Can be open or closed with hatches for loading on the roof.Load capacity up to 70 tons.
cars with providing special temperature conditions
Isothermal covered wagons equipped with thermal insulation based on polyurethane or polystyrene, a cooling system and a system of forced air circulation.They allow you to carry perishable products as they maintain the necessary temperature.
Thermoses carrying perishable food products in packages and containers, as well as some perishable goods, while maintaining a long time a certain temperature generated at startup.
Refrigerators provide transportation of perishable goods that can be stored for a long time only at low temperatures.They do not just retain temperature as flasks and cooled or heated space inside the car to the desired temperature.Designed for 25-40 tons.
variety of models of freight cars
It should be noted that there is a wide selection of various models that provide all types of cars.Tanks, for example, many kinds of different design and additional features.There are cars for milk, gasoline, alcohol, oil, chemicals, powders, liquid gases, acids, etc.Each load requires compliance with a number of conditions that affect the appearance of the device and the tank.The same is true for other types of cars.
types subway cars
Their cars are used for the underground.There are a few species that are currently exploited.For example, in the capital of the route there are such types of metro cars, as a series of "E" with modifications, the series 81-717 / 714, "Yauza" (81-720 / 721), "Rusich" (81-740 / 741) andseries 81-760 / 761.Perhaps, somewhere, and used earlier versions.
Series "E" was produced in the sixties, but it is used, including the modifications so far.In the car, 42 seats, while capacity is up to 270 people.A series 81-717 / 714 is available since 1977, it offers 40-44 seats and is designed for 308-330 people."Yauza" more modern: produced since 1991, providing as 40-44 seats, and in general Vmeschaya up to 330-350 people.Since 2002 he produced "Rusich", already giving 54-60 seats or 344-370 beds.Underwent a major upgrade of cars in 2007-2008., As a result, a model 81-717.6K / 714.6K more comfortable for the driver, equipped with a more efficient ventilation system, for which use the best materials and technologies.
