Culture is often superimposed on one another and not everyone understands what it was before, and that later.Those who are passionate about the work of Friedrich Nietzsche did not know much about the prophet whose name he used for writing his story about Zarathustra.
real identity
Zarathustra, in spite of the scant amount of evidence of its existence is considered a real person.Zarathustra - is the founder of Zoroastrianism.That's the man credited with the authorship of 17 hymns "Songs" ("Ghats").
value of the name of the prophet is still the subject of much controversy.So, there is a version, according to which the name translates as "one who chases the camels."However A.Dyuperron offers its own version of the translation.For him, Zarathustra - a "golden Sirius."
Just as with the transfer of the name, many scholars have differences regarding the time and place of the prophet's life.Some consider him the son of a merchant, others link it with the affluent eastern Iranian origin born.There is even a bold assumption that he was born in what is now the Russian Federation.Although there is no evidence of this hypothesis.
Legend of Zarathustra
As one of the famous legends the prophet was born the third child in a family with five children.With 15 years he became a priest, and five years later left his house to find the truth.
In 30 years, he met with the chief deity of the triads Iranian gods.Ahura Mazda to Zarathustra asked a few questions, and then took to his heaven.There was a prophet three tests, after which he opened the truth.
descended ago, he received no support among the loved ones, in addition to his brother.He had to leave their homes, but because of the local king, Zoroastrianism spread throughout Iran.
Zarathustra - is a prophet.For 42 years, he became an adviser of the king.His sayings were written on cowhide.His works, including poems, were damaged by the burning of the library in the time of Alexander the Great.
sage lived 77 years and 40 days.Knowing that he would die a violent death, he spent the last 40 days in prayer.Being married for life twice, he is survived by his six children.
About Friedrich Nietzsche
«Thus Spoke Zarathustra" is the most significant work of the philosopher, who has invested in it all their own judgments about the life and person.
speak about the work of Friedrich Nietzsche is quite difficult.This is due to the fact that not all have the time and effort to read his lyrics completely confused.Therefore, many rely on the judgments of others about the meaning of his works.
It is because of this there was a myth that the philosophical views of Nietzsche associated with fascism and Nazism.It also helped his sister, bright priverzhenka Adolf Hitler.
On this occasion, perfectly expressed by the Strugatsky brothers, "Nietzsche.It was a great poet.However, he was very unlucky with the fans. "
born German philosopher and poet in 1844 in the family of a Lutheran priest in the third generation.It was named in honor of Friedrich Wilhelm Prussian king, who reigned at the time.
at the university he became absorbed in the ancient classics.In 1869 he took the chair of classical philosophy at the University of Switzerland.However, during the Franco-Prussian War, he enlisted as a private medical orderly in the Prussian army (1870).Undermine the health, Frederick returned to the Swiss University.
Among the friends of the philosopher had many famous personalities, among whom was R. Wagner.He had a great influence on his work.Philosopher dedicated a fourth part of the "Pending thought."
poet died in 1900 in a family of one year after a strong mental seizure.So Friedrich Nietzsche left.Zarathustra as his character and way of lives.
«Thus Spoke Zarathustra»
One of the most famous works of Friedrich Nietzsche's "Thus Spake Zarathustra" is written in the years 1883-1885.This particular story is impossible to explain or summarize briefly.It is ironic sounds, even the subtitle - "A book for all and for anybody."
book is not a treatise.It is rather a philosophical poem, though written in prose.To understand this, you need to read the work of the German language.In the original, it has a certain rhythm, which confirms that Nietzsche greater poet than philosopher, much less a scholar.
plot works is that thirty years of Zarathustra (Nietzsche) leaves home and goes to the mountains.He enjoys solitude.Ten years later he is fed up with his wisdom and decides to go down to the people.Along the way he meets an old man who persuades a wise man to remain in the forest.But the hearing in response to word that Zarathustra loves people.However, a more important phrase the young man is, "that God is dead."
The work "Thus Spake Zarathustra," the hero talks to different people.Proverbs, he says, the content belong to different areas:
- moral;
- psychological;
- philosophical.
Nietzsche knew that his theory of the superman, many do not understand, so after this work, he has released two more: "Beyond Good and Evil," "Genealogy of Morals".Their aim was to defend the idea of misunderstanding, to clarify its meaning.
About "three transformations of the spirit»
most significant in the product is a story about the transformation of the spirit.
According to Sage, the spirit of man has to go through three transformations.First, the spirit becomes a camel, because he wants to test the severity of their own burden.He then strive to become a lion, to find freedom and become a master.But he realized that he could not enjoy the freedom, the spirit to strive for a full update.This is possible by turning to the child.
On the women met with the old lady, Zarathustra spoke to her about the women.He considers them an important role, namely - to bring the world of superman.Their only joy is to understand what the man wants.Only then the world will be perfect.
To be desirable, a woman must be a dangerous game for men.Because they want in life only two things - the danger and play.For a woman the hero remains a mystery, but "all this there is one clue: it is called pregnancy."
idea of superman (Ubermensch)
Through the whole work is the idea that man is merely an intermediary from a monkey to the superman."Man - a rope stretched between the animal and the superman."
Superman is different from ordinary people indomitable will.However, the meaning of his life in the management of other people, he - the genius and rebel, capable of destroying the old rules and values at the same time create new ones.Thus Spake Zarathustra.
Nietzsche ordered this romantic image on an intuitive level.The concept of the superman is not finished.Author ordered her apophatically.He pointed to what his character does not have to be, namely, a man of the crowd, the average man in the street.It should be mentioned pulverized humanity.Zarathustra - is the one who is above the crowd and lives contrary to it.
Today piece that wrote Friedrich Nietzsche, "Thus Spoke Zarathustra" refers to world classics.The product is studied both in philosophy and literature.
