Before turning to the classification of existing mandates, need to find out what this term means.So, this definition is a diplomatic document, which is responsible for certifying the legal grounds for legal representation.
Current practice
modern science of the political life of society often uses the term deputy mandate.It is a specific documentation, which describes the legitimacy of the actions of a particular type of elected representative government.In addition, the evidence considered limiting the scope and extent of the powers held by the deputy of an institution, as well as the rights and duties of the person concerned.In addition, the deputy's mandate includes a description of a set of public functions entrusted to the representative of the Parliament or other authority.It should be remembered that all of the above powers and responsibilities are entrusted under consideration individual constitution and various legal acts.Terms of the modern state with a democratic system of management prescribe the following list of features: parliamentary immunity;the right to receive a salary for the implementation of certain activities (the so-called indemnity).
Classification
addition to what has been said before, it should be noted that the mandate is needed to determine the shape and quality of the relationship between the deputy and his voters.Most modern democracies use the so-called national principle.This allows you to represent the considered as the deputy representative of the country as a whole and not to any particular region or constituency.Thus, currently there is the following classification.There are mandatory and free mandate.Let's examine both of these categories.
imperative mandate
Let's start from the beginning.The first step is to find out what the imperative mandate.This term implies a description of a set of restrictions that are imposed on the activities of any particular officer on the basis of certain conditions.As if these restrictions are violated, then the constitution and regulations of the prescribed punishment.For example, the review authority to the deputy considered.Imperative mandate can define the following restrictions.For example, restrictions on the way out of the current faction to which he was elected according to party lists, definitions, and so on.Imperative mandate is characterized by a particular procedure, official reviews, do not adhere to the requirements put up.Based on the above we can draw certain conclusions.One of them is the following: the imperative parliamentary mandate means that a representative of a reporting authority is limited by orders of their constituents, and is solely responsible to them for all the acts committed.It should consider the circumstances under which the applicable law designated by the probability of withdrawal from the deputy of his mandate in the event that he can not cope with them, or if we consider the official does not meet the expectations and trust of their followers.
Scope
imperative mandate is used in most of the socialist countries.As a rule, state, characterized by liberal democracies, have abandoned the introduction of such a form of government.This has become necessary due to the fact that encountered quite a number of contradictions with the legal norms and principles of national representation.Thus, we can assume that the imperative mandate - is in most cases the prerogative of post-Soviet countries.Nevertheless, in each rule, there are some exceptions.In this case, you must select one of the Houses of Parliament pre-existing Federal Republic of Germany.It was called the "Bundesrat", and voters are not formed, and the region directly by the government.Therefore, the responsibility of the deputy of the Chamber included the requirements for the implementation of the instructions received from the existing at the time of the government.
free mandate
Democracies require the implementation of activities of deputies on a professional basis.Consequently, in many countries considered officials have a free mandate.This form, in turn, assumes some significant differences.For example, the imperative mandate of the deputy is the relationship of a particular official and the voter.Free - on the contrary.Despite the fact that the representative is the face of the whole nation, there is no limit, put up in accordance with the will of his constituents.In other words, the deputy should not perform any mandates received from their followers.Another difference is that the free mandate of the voters did not have the rights of a representative of the removal from office and removal from any authority.However, such a structure does not give the absolute discretion of the deputy.The representative of the people should take into account the views and wishes of their constituents, and to be subordinate to the party or faction, in which he is to follow its principles and discipline.
complete opposite
If we consider the two presented above categories together, then one can easily conclude that each of them has certain characteristics and criteria are polar in general comparison.For example, the imperative mandate - this exercise absolute control over the activities of the official voters.The MP is not only obliged to listen to their opinions, but also to provide periodic reports.Imperative mandate is representative of the relationship of the people.In turn, the free-form implies a relative freedom of a deputy.This allows it to expand the number of its terms of reference.
forms of activity
Regardless of the category of deputy mandate there is a certain number of actions executed by representatives of the parties.As a rule, the activities in the districts of (problem solving voters and meeting them), work in the committees and commissions of the Parliament, active participation in the faction, and much more.
